Contaminants, Water and Health (CWH)

Project management brings together all the methods, tools and techniques used to organize the progress of a project and achieve its objectives, from the project idea to its completion.

A practical situation is planned with the help of exercises or case studies so that the students acquire the right reflexes and manipulate the tools of project management.

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This course introduces students to the contaminants in the aquatic environment, which are essential for the evaluation of risks to the health of ecosystems and humans and for the management of water resources. This is why the program integrates the presentation of the various contaminants of the environment and the regulations.

This course is taught by research professors and researchers (multidisciplinary course) who develop their research activities around the problems of contaminants in aquatic environments.

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To present the main processes associated with the treatment of liquid effluents, as well as the treatment and management of the by-products generated. This course is based on the learning of a global ecological balance around the problem of water resource management, wastewater, and by-products of treatment. The design and implementation of treatment processes are approached through the urban and industrial water cycle.

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TD courses in English for students in the Water Sciences program, aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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Water is at the heart of multiple and contradictory issues, visions and interests. The articulation of these different elements raises the question of integrated management (IWRM) and regulation (in particular by public policies), of the balance between collective and private values, and of decision-making processes concerning collective issues, in short, of governance. Decentralization, water and sanitation services, basin management, the European Framework Directive, financial circuits illustrate, in particular, different facets of governance.

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This course should enable students to acquire in-depth knowledge of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems and to identify threats and vulnerability to local pressures and climate change.

It will also allow 1) to know the specificities of the functioning of benthic ecosystems and the ecological roles of its components, 2) to acquire in-depth knowledge in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems, 3) to acquire knowledge on the impact of chemical and biological contaminants (toxic and pathogenic microalgae), of climate change and anthropization on the functioning of aquatic ecosystems and on these components with socio-economic repercussions This EU will develop networks for monitoring the marine environment and the health of exploited marine animals by addressing mortality issues.

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The course is organized in 3 main chapters with alternating tutorials applied to engineering problems. In the first part, after describing the large water reservoirs on a global scale and the basic principles of the water cycle, the effects of human activities on this cycle are discussed. The second part is dedicated to the aerial part of this cycle from precipitation to infiltration. The third part focuses on aquifers and groundwater from the pore scale to the catchment scale.

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The "Ocean, Atmosphere, Climate" module focuses on presenting the fundamental principles of atmospheric dynamics, ocean dynamics and provides a critical and documented look at climate change. The teaching is based on the analysis of official documents describing global change, documented lessons on key issues and applications on case studies in different global contexts.

The module is shared by the "Coastal engineering and rational development of the coastline" and "Water and coastline" courses of the STPE and Water masters. It can be taken by work-study students wishing to update their knowledge of global change and its relationship to weather and atmospheric processes.

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This teaching is divided into two parts, one part concerning surface and atmospheric waters, the other part concerning groundwater. This UE is in continuity with the UE Water cycle of S1, and allows to lay the essential bases for the specific teachings of hydrodynamics and physical hydrology which will take place in S2. It is thus a transitional course between fundamental knowledge on the water cycle and specific knowledge on the study and characterization of surface and groundwater resources.

Theoretical courses associated with integrated tutorials are complemented by practical work on computers and hydrogeological maps.

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This course is focused on mastering the tools of communication with the world of work, i.e. learning: -(i) how to write a CV, a cover letter, an email for a spontaneous application; -(ii) how to present oneself in a very short time, either orally or in writing; -(iii) how to answer the questions of an interview, and how to avoid the traps.

Learning these tools involves a theoretical presentation of the tools, but also very quickly putting them into practice. To do this, students will be asked to work in small groups, simulating realistic situations such as job interviews and presentations .... This is to learn how to best master these different tools.

All the teaching is done in the form of practical work, with particular emphasis on :

• on "reality show" sessions, where everyone will have to introduce themselves to each other in less than 3 minutes, will be put in job interview conditions or will have to make spontaneous applications / presentations.
• On email, cover letter and resume writing workshops.

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The GIS Practice course consists of a training in the practice of Geographic Information Systems, integrating the basic concepts concerning geographic information and the mastery of the free software QGIS. The majority of the course is devoted to an initiation through alternating lectures and practical exercises. At the end of the course, a personalized cartographic project allows students to remobilize the concepts seen previously. An introductory lecture with professionals allows to put into perspective the interest of GIS approaches in general hydrology.

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Optimized management and protection of water resources (surface or groundwater) requires taking into account water quality. The assessment of the quality status of water bodies, particularly with regard to the legislative frameworks in force, is based on precise chemical and microbiological quality criteria, as well as standards adapted to the types of use envisaged for these resources.

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This module presents the basics of optical and radar remote sensing with the basics of image processing (consultation of image catalogs on the Internet, image downloading, import/export, visualization, contrast enhancement, radiometric and geometric image corrections, segmentation, vectorization, classification ...). In addition, this module presents applications related to water management.

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This UE is sequenced according to the following activities: First steps - R environment; R structures; Input-output in R; Manipulations of R structures; Basics of algorithmics; Programming structures in R; Mini-project by group on an R function to be created on an applied 'Water' problem

Objectives*:

The objectives of this course are 1) to present the basics of the interpreted language of an engineering tool (environment, structures, inputs-outputs, manipulations of structures, graphics, programming), 2) to bring the fundamental theoretical knowledge allowing to create one's own functions and programs on practical examples in water sciences for 3) that the students are autonomous to pursue their self-training and expertise on R.

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This methodological module offers instruction in qualitative survey techniques and inductive reasoning. Students will be trained to conduct open-ended interviews, conduct field observations and learn to analyze empirical data. Students will put these lessons into practice by conducting a collective survey on a controversy related to water or the environment (in connection with the lessons received in UE 118).

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TD courses in English for students in the Water Sciences program, aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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This module aims to bring students to a concrete understanding of the implementation of IWRM and participation in water management through an active pedagogical approach.

It is based on the "Cooplage" system for supporting the implementation of participatory approaches to water management, developed by researchers from the GEAU research unit, and the associated Agreenium MOOC Terr'eau & co.

The students will work in small groups, associating students from the different courses of the Water Master, on case studies resulting from the ongoing research projects of the lecturers. The learning will be done through the implementation of some tools of the "Cooplage" device on their case study, including modeling and participatory simulation in the form of a role play. In order to anchor their work, students will be put in contact with the holders of these case studies. 

In view of the health constraints, this year the EU will take place entirely remotely. The modeling and the games will be done on a virtual table.

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In water sciences, the use of probability and statistics for the treatment of hydroclimatic or water quality data is essential. Lectures and practical sessions will help students to refresh their knowledge (problems for the Baccalaureate, Licence), and then some new notions will be introduced (test for membership of a law in particular).

The course is structured around these chapters:

1. Elementary probability theory, combinatorial analysis. (course session n°1, TD1)
2. Discrete and continuous random variables. Law of probability and probability density function. Expectation, variance, covariance. (class session n°2, TD2)
3. Simple linear regression (covered in TD3)
4. Multiple linear regression (covered in TD3)
5. Some usual probability laws (binomial law, Poisson's law, normal law, Gamma, Gumbel) and their application (class session 3, TD4)
6. Tests for membership in a law (covered in TD5)

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This course is based on numerous concrete examples presented by specialists and environmental experts working in engineering offices and companies, EPIC, or research institutes in the water and environment sector. The courses include a field day dedicated to the characterization of the physical properties of rivers and aquifers, as well as to various hydrometric measurement techniques. Specific sessions giving the necessary basis for the exploitation of hydrological and hydrogeological data acquired in situ will also be offered.

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The content of the module is organized into six sequences:

1) EU Introduction: scientific and operational issues of biogeochemical and water quality issues in agricultural watersheds;

2) Physicochemical and hydrological processes determining the availability and mobility of plant protection products in a watershed;

3) TD: modelling tutorials on the transfer of phytosanitary products;

4) Biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus in agro-systems ;

5) Nitrogen cycling and balance in agricultural watersheds;

6) TD : Evaluation of the nitrogen balance in a catchment area, diagnosis of the contamination of surface water

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Every future Master's graduate, whether in a "Professional" or "Research" profile, must master the tools and codes of effective scientific written communication. Improving one's scientific writing skills is essential to enhance one's work and communicate it to one's peers, colleagues, clients...

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This course will cover project planning and estimation of work time per task, the SWOT matrix/sabotage exercise, risk management, organization and facilitation of meetings and oral presentation of the project. Other elements of project management can be addressed on a case-by-case basis such as financial management, the role of the project manager, relationships with partners, the use of tools such as the to-do list, Kanban, the shared calendar, etc.

In the continuity of the Project Management UE of the Master 1, the Project Management UE of the Master 2 aims at verifying the assimilation of the skills acquired the previous year and at going further by relying on a longer project (a few weeks to a few months), individual or in group, study project or personal project.

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We often approach water resources and their management through knowledge and principles established in developed countries of the temperate zone. However, the countries of the South, starting with the Mediterranean and Africa, offer us an extreme diversity of social and environmental situations that force us to significantly modify our points of view and to question the validity of certain approaches that are too far removed from the reality of the field.

Researchers working mainly in southern countries use their concrete experiences to reflect on the specificity of hydrological and geochemical processes in very dry or very wet tropical regions, the consequences of anthropization and the challenges of sustainable management of water resources.

A significant amount of time is devoted to the critical analysis of scientific articles dealing with water resources and their management in the South.

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The objective of this cross-disciplinary course is to offer students from several courses the possibility of organizing an event project on a current theme related to water, in connection with their commitments, their professional project, society's issues, and the challenges of transitions and global changes. ....

The project is led by the students, from its definition to its implementation during the event, with the punctual support of the pedagogical teams at key stages of the project.

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The objective of this course, which is shared with the post-master's specialized master's degree in "Water Management" at AgroParisTech, is to provide students with a development profile with reference points on the challenges and organization of development projects on the theme of water (drinking water, sanitation, agricultural water).

This course alternates between testimonies, feedback from experts and professional development actors on water issues and testimonies from students (Specialized Masters in Water Management) or students who already have international experience in the field of water or agriculture.

This UE is opened in option for the students of the master sciences of water according to a numerus clausus of students.

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The objective of this course is to present the current and future impacts on all sectors associated with water.

What is the evolution of all the climatic extremes such as droughts or floods, and of the regions impacted by these extremes? How does this impact on groundwater and surface water resources, on agricultural surfaces and irrigation methods?

What evolution on the rise of sea water and on the coastline? How does this impact the movement of current and future populations, what solution to propose on the management of the coastline ...?

Through various conferences given by specialists in different fields, and affecting all the courses of the Master Water, this EU will present the latest advances on this subject.

Through the sessions of TD and TP, the students will be brought to work in group on a topic in particular (this through an example) associating Climate Change with a domain of Water, to present in a synthetic way this subject. This work will be presented in the form of a mini-seminar, and will be the subject of the evaluation of this UE.

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