M1 - Electronics, Electrical Energy, Automation - profile Electrical Energy, Environment and Systems Reliability

The module will cover the following:

• Link between transfer function and differential equation
• Representation and continuous state feedback (eigenvalues, stability)
• Representation and sampled state feedback
• Status feedback control without and with full loopback, LQR control
• State Observers
• Non-linear control with examples

Practical work: implementation of the acquired knowledge on real examples (e.g. electric motors), programming in python (numpy and control libraries).

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This course completes a basic training in signal processing with a thorough knowledge of deterministic or random digital signals. This knowledge is essential in all engineering sciences, as digital signal processing is currently used in the majority of applications.

In a first part (10h30 lecture, 6h lab), the course deals with the sampling and quantization aspects of continuous signals and the relation between digital signals and original continuous signals. We define the discrete Fourier transform of digital signals, its estimation and its use on real deterministic signals.

The second part of the course (9 hours lecture, 4.5 hours lab, 3 hours lab) is dedicated to random signals and how the properties of some random signals can be used either to reduce the random part of a signal whose deterministic part is to be privileged (filtering, increase of the signal-to-noise ratio, ...) or to improve the transmission of information or to identify complex linearized systems.

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• This course completes the basic training in analog electronics with in-depth knowledge of signal filtering, amplification and modulation. This knowledge is indispensable for the understanding and realization of analog electronic systems in all fields of engineering sciences.
• The teaching is organized in the form of lectures, tutorials and practical work, with the possibility of mini projects.

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This teaching unit, devoted to the basics of digital electronics, is structured in an original way around a technical project, carried out individually or in pairs, whose progress will follow the progression of the associated courses.

Each project topic will be assigned at the beginning of the teaching unit.

The main notions of digital electronics will be deepened through lectures and practical work can complete the theoretical aspects to guide the progress of the project.

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This teaching unit is made up of several parts, the first of which deals with the power electronics structures required to supply an electronic system. The second part will deal with the current or voltage regulation of these structures. A third part will deal with the conversion functions necessary for the control of MCC and DC Brushless actuators.

The last part presents the topologies of actuators for robotics and their implementation. The control of a DC motor and the self-control of a synchronous motor will illustrate this last part.

Practical work will allow to observe the principle and the implementation of regulated systems for electronics and actuators. This UE could be the support of the M1 project subjects.

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Computer engineering is the discipline that deals with the design, development and manufacture of computer systems, both hardware and software.

This discipline has become fundamental in the engineering sciences, whether in electronics, robotics, signal processing, measurement, etc., due to the important role that computers have taken in all these fields.

This module aims at bringing students to develop computer code in a volume corresponding to the scale of a complete software. The quantity of code associated naturally gives rise to a need to structure the code so that it remains viable, and the concepts associated with code structuring will therefore be addressed or reinforced.
The teaching is therefore organized for the most part around practical work and projects. The context concerns for a large part deep themes of EEA: signal processing (acquisition chain), instrument interfacing, and data transmission by internet on embedded Linux platform. The theme of event-based programming through the development of graphical interfaces will also be addressed. The supporting languages will be Labview and Python. Portions of C/C++ can be used at the initiative of the students in the projects.

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- Controller synthesis.

- Robust synthesis and hazard management.

- Representation and synthesis of synchronous machines.

- Description/synthesis language.

- The basics of the VHDL language (entity, architecture, ...).

- Behavioral and structural descriptions.

- Simulation (Testbench).

- Reprogrammable circuits (SPLD, CPLD, FPGA).

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Specialized English and English for Communication courses aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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Project in partnership with a research laboratory and/or a company, emphasizing the scientific skills, autonomy and adaptabilitý of the student.

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Electrical energy is one of the essential energy carriers in energy management. It is becoming more and more important in new applications allowing to reduce the carbon footprint, for example in electric propulsion. Electrical energy is produced by high power production (thermal power plants) but also by more and more intermittent sources due to renewable energies (photovoltaic, wind power...). This electrical energy produced must be transported and distributed and the global management of the transport and distribution networks is a major constraint.

This unit of instruction will:

• To provide theoretical knowledge of modeling of the elements of production, transport and distribution of electrical energy.
• To define the three-phase sinusoidal regime, the quality of electrical energy and the study of unbalanced networks by symmetrical components.
• To allow the implementation of the modeling of transformers, inductive elements (neutral point coil...), synchronous alternators and asynchronous generators. It will give the experimental methods of characterization of these elements.
• To give the conditions of connection of the generators to the electric networks, the setting in parallel and the associated adjustments.
• To allow the establishment of models for lines and cables for electrical distribution. It will give notions of power management, of the impact of short-circuit in high power networks. The use of network software will illustrate the phenomena.

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The energy transition is often associated with objectives for the implementation of production means from renewable energies (wind, photovoltaic, hydraulic...). The use of intermittent sources of energy generates particular constraints for the electrical transmission and distribution networks. This teaching unit will consist of three parts: a technological and theoretical part on the networks. A second part on the means of production and renewable energies, with a focus on wind energy. Finally, a third part will focus on the digital evolution of electrical networks: smart grids.

This unit of instruction will:

• Define the technology of all the elements of a HV and LV electrical distribution network.
• To provide the necessary knowledge to understand the functions and characteristics of electrical networks (architectures, overhead, underground, voltage levels, powers, transformers, alternators...) and
• To allow the choice and the implementation of devices according to the needs (insulation, protections, control...).
• Define the electrical safety rules for interventions allowing to understand and apply the consignment procedures.
• To allow to determine, to choose and to adjust the protections from the characteristics of the network and the equipments by explaining the calculation of the fault currents and the basic use of the professional software of calculation.
• To detail the choice of the grounding schemes answering a specification and given economic criteria, constraints of availability, quality...
• To make a state of the art of the means of storage of the electric energy and to present the use of the hydrogen as energy vector associated with the electric energy and the energy transition.
• Describe the means of production and develop the principle of conversion for wind and water power production.
• Introduce the methods of studying wind projects, analysis of the resource, regulations, the problem of connection and the impact on the environment.
• Introduce Smart-Grid and the use of internet and industrial networks in the protection and control of electrical networks.

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The internship or end-of-study project should emphasize the student's scientific skills, autonomy, and adaptabilitý :

• Internship of 2 to 3 months (maximum 5 months) to be carried out in a research laboratory or in a company;
• or 3-month end-of-study project in a research laboratory or teaching project room.

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Description*:

1 - The aim is to enable students to understand the importance of a well-prepared application in line with an internship or job advertisement or in relation to the activities of a professional structure in the case of an unsolicited application; to write CVs and cover letters; to get to know themselves better in terms of personality; to use new technologies (social networks and job boards) and to orient their research in line with their professional project Finally, to know how to prepare and behave during job interviews.

2 - The aim is to enable students to write a scientific article following the completion of a project. To do so, they must know the objectives and characteristics of the project, the plan to be applied, the different stages of realization as well as the rules of presentation. Then, to present their project orally, students must know and be able to apply the general structure of the presentation; define appropriate and relevant visual aids; respect the rules of oral expression in order to express themselves correctly and professionally (vocabulary, syntax, etc.); adopt behaviors that energize the speech and enable the audience to be hooked.

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