M1 - Water and Society (ES)

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Project management encompasses all the methods, tools and techniques used to organize the progress of a project and achieve its objectives, from the initial idea to its completion.

Practical exercises and case studies help students acquire the right reflexes and manipulate project management tools.

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Water is at the heart of multiple and contradictory issues, visions and interests. The articulation of these different elements raises the question of integrated management (IWRM) and regulation (particularly by public policies), the balance between collective and private values, and decision-making processes concerning collective issues - in short, governance. Decentralization, water and sanitation services, basin management, the European Framework Directive and financial circuits illustrate, in particular, different facets of governance.

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The courses essentially consist of a decoded presentation of the fundamentals of regional planning: the main legal frameworks are presented and analyzed (in a participative manner) legal frameworks and their constant evolution (Codes, Laws, Texts), the "doctrines doctrines "We also look at the various technical "tools" available, whether in terms of procedures or project set-up (urban planning documents, or public or private construction or development projects). Also analyzed and presented are the tools and conditions for dialogue and consultation (examining different operating methods), land-use approaches land approaches (land management and the tools needed to achieve it), assessment of the multiple issues (financial, socio-economic and political), and finally, decision-making decision-making processes. The various aspects mentioned above are highlighted as factors that condition the success - and hence the successful spatial translation - of all development projects, whatever their nature. nature nature dimension.

Focusing on all regions, the module is also intended to focus on issues specific to coastal areas. coastal areasand similar areas. Because coastal areas have their own specific characteristics, a specific approach to these areas is essential, complementing the general approaches (Loi Littoral, Loi sur l'Eau, servitudes, changes in frameworks and texts).

Finally, the backdrop to this module is the systematic highlighting of the many debates and issues involved in the confrontation between theurgency (or priority) socio-economic urgency (or priority) environmentalwith an understanding of trade-offs and adjustments that this confrontation gives rise to. The current ecological and transitional urgency and the acceleration of the confrontations / conflicts of interest are examined and put into perspective.

With regard to the management "This theme is also described and analyzed for each of the points covered by the planning stage, both as a consequence of the planning stage, and as a consequence of the planning stage . consequence of the actions undertaken and as a condition for success -in the medium and long term- of projects on any scale.

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The Bibliographic Project UE provides training in documentary research, including the use of search engines, databases and bibliographic reference management tools. Students work in pairs on a topic they have defined themselves, in line with their training. This documentary research is enhanced by the writing of a synthesis and a poster.

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Sociologists of science consider controversies to be inherent to the process of knowledge production. They refer to (1) situations of discussion between scientists who oppose or agree on the data they produce, but also (2) mobilizations that develop within the framework of institutionalized public debates or more informal exchanges. These controversies provide an opportunity to observe science and decisions in the making, as they are nourished by knowledge that has not yet stabilized. They provide examples from which to rethink the relationship between science and society, and in so doing, the challenges of technical democracy, at the interface of several disciplines.

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TD courses in English for students in the Water Science program, aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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At the end of this module, students should be able to understand an economic analysis of a water management project/policy. They should be familiar with the principles of cost-benefit analysis, valuation methods, parameters and indicators. They will learn to take a critical look at evaluations and the parameters and indicators used.

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The Practical GIS course provides training in the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), including basic concepts of geographic information and mastery of the free software QGIS. The majority of the course is devoted to an introduction to GIS, alternating between lectures and practical exercises. At the end of the course, a personalized cartographic project enables students to reorganize the concepts they have already learned. An introductory conference with professionals puts into perspective the interest of GIS approaches in general hydrology.

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This course is an introduction to quantitative survey methods in the social sciences.

He is interested in the use of statistics and the definition of categories to describe the social world, as well as the objectification of representations.

It puts the questionnaire tool into practice by creating a questionnaire, administering it and analyzing the results.

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TD courses in English for students in the Water Science program, aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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The module presents managerial and multi-criteria approaches to assessing water services.

The module focuses on the management of drinking water and wastewater services, as well as irrigation water distribution services. It provides an understanding and critical vision of the tools used to manage these services.

The module is organized into 3 main stages:

• Analysis and evaluation of the economic, financial and technical performance of water and wastewater services, with a focus on financial analysis and performance indicators for water services.
• Environmental assessment, with a presentation of global approaches (Life Cycle Assessment) versus local approaches.
• An analysis of service sustainability

The course uses case studies to illustrate the various concepts covered. Particular emphasis is placed on the relative nature of performance, a multi-dimensional notion that evolves over time and varies according to the points of view considered.

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Historically, the question of managing access to water resources first arose in relation to river water, which is highly dependent on current climatic conditions, and water supplied by man-made distribution systems. It is only more recently that groundwater has been considered for management, as it is less subject to cyclical scarcity problems (with the exception of groundwater accompanying rivers). In the majority of cases, access to groundwater is provided on an individual basis, with each user (especially farmers) drilling for water at the point of need. But these underground resources also require management, as they are increasingly exploited and sometimes even overexploited.

This module tackles the issue of groundwater resource management by first presenting the contribution of each physical science discipline (geology-hydrogeology, geochemistry, isotopy) and their tools to understanding aquifers (at geological level: outcrop, drilling, logging, seismic profiling, etc.; at hydrogeological level: piezometry, test pumping, withdrawal points/outlets, quantities withdrawn, etc.): geometry, structure and hydrological functioning.

It goes on to explain the value of groundwater for the various uses to which it is put. The economic value of groundwater is examined in this section (Qureshi et al., 2012). It also explains the difficulties involved in identifying these groundwater withdrawals and the methods used to reveal them.

It then describes the various problems posed by aquifers: current or future overexploitation of aquifers, deterioration in groundwater quality, threat of saltwater intrusion, salinization of soils, etc.

Finally, it lists the various methods available for rebalancing groundwater supply and demand. Firstly, it describes ways of increasing water supply (active groundwater management, substitutions between resources) or avoiding contamination of good-quality water by poorer-quality water. Examples: active management of karstic aquifers (Lez system), artificial recharge (e.g. Seine catchment fields in Paris), inter-seasonal/interannual recharge (Llobregat, Catalonia), recharge with wastewater (California), damming to avoid contamination of freshwater by saltwater.

Secondly, it outlines the solutions that act on water demand. These solutions are based on two drivers of individual decision-making, which can sometimes be combined: maximization of individual utility and inclusion in a society inducing "pro-social" behavior. We will explore solutions that act directly on the demand for groundwater (pricing, quotas, trading of water rights), as well as indirect solutions (purchase of land to protect a resource, agricultural or energy policies that can positively or negatively influence the development of individual abstraction, etc.).

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This module aims to give students a practical understanding of the implementation of IWRM and participation in water management, using an active teaching approach.

It revolves around the "Cooplage" system for supporting the implementation of participatory approaches to water management, developed by researchers at UMR GEAU, and the associated Agreenium MOOC Terr'eau & co.

Students will work in small groups, involving students from different Water Master's courses, on case studies stemming from the contributors' current research projects. Learning will take place through the use of some of the "Cooplage" tools on their case study, in particular modeling and participatory simulation in the form of role-playing. To anchor their work, students will be put in touch with the people behind these case studies. 

In view of health constraints, this year's EU will take place entirely off-line. Modeling and games will be carried out on a virtual table.

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This methodological module teaches qualitative survey techniques and inductive reasoning. Students will be trained to conduct open interviews, carry out field observations and learn to analyze empirical data. Students will put these lessons into practice by carrying out a collective survey on a controversy linked to water or the environment (in connection with the lessons received in UE 118).

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