Integrated and Embedded Electronic Systems

The module will cover the following:

• Link between transfer function and differential equation
• Representation and continuous state feedback (eigenvalues, stability)
• Representation and sampled state feedback
• Status feedback control without and with full loopback, LQR control
• State Observers
• Non-linear control with examples

Practical work: implementation of the acquired knowledge on real examples (e.g. electric motors), programming in python (numpy and control libraries).

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This course completes a basic training in signal processing with a thorough knowledge of deterministic or random digital signals. This knowledge is essential in all engineering sciences, as digital signal processing is currently used in the majority of applications.

In a first part (10h30 lecture, 6h lab), the course deals with the sampling and quantization aspects of continuous signals and the relation between digital signals and original continuous signals. We define the discrete Fourier transform of digital signals, its estimation and its use on real deterministic signals.

The second part of the course (9 hours lecture, 4.5 hours lab, 3 hours lab) is dedicated to random signals and how the properties of some random signals can be used either to reduce the random part of a signal whose deterministic part is to be privileged (filtering, increase of the signal-to-noise ratio, ...) or to improve the transmission of information or to identify complex linearized systems.

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• This course completes the basic training in analog electronics with in-depth knowledge of signal filtering, amplification and modulation. This knowledge is indispensable for the understanding and realization of analog electronic systems in all fields of engineering sciences.
• The teaching is organized in the form of lectures, tutorials and practical work, with the possibility of mini projects.

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This teaching unit, devoted to the basics of digital electronics, is structured in an original way around a technical project, carried out individually or in pairs, whose progress will follow the progression of the associated courses.

Each project topic will be assigned at the beginning of the teaching unit.

The main notions of digital electronics will be deepened through lectures and practical work can complete the theoretical aspects to guide the progress of the project.

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This teaching unit is made up of several parts, the first of which deals with the power electronics structures required to supply an electronic system. The second part will deal with the current or voltage regulation of these structures. A third part will deal with the conversion functions necessary for the control of MCC and DC Brushless actuators.

The last part presents the topologies of actuators for robotics and their implementation. The control of a DC motor and the self-control of a synchronous motor will illustrate this last part.

Practical work will allow to observe the principle and the implementation of regulated systems for electronics and actuators. This UE could be the support of the M1 project subjects.

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Computer engineering is the discipline that deals with the design, development and manufacture of computer systems, both hardware and software.

This discipline has become fundamental in the engineering sciences, whether in electronics, robotics, signal processing, measurement, etc., due to the important role that computers have taken in all these fields.

This module aims at bringing students to develop computer code in a volume corresponding to the scale of a complete software. The quantity of code associated naturally gives rise to a need to structure the code so that it remains viable, and the concepts associated with code structuring will therefore be addressed or reinforced.
The teaching is therefore organized for the most part around practical work and projects. The context concerns for a large part deep themes of EEA: signal processing (acquisition chain), instrument interfacing, and data transmission by internet on embedded Linux platform. The theme of event-based programming through the development of graphical interfaces will also be addressed. The supporting languages will be Labview and Python. Portions of C/C++ can be used at the initiative of the students in the projects.

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- Controller synthesis.

- Robust synthesis and hazard management.

- Representation and synthesis of synchronous machines.

- Description/synthesis language.

- The basics of the VHDL language (entity, architecture, ...).

- Behavioral and structural descriptions.

- Simulation (Testbench).

- Reprogrammable circuits (CPLD, FPGA).

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Specialized English and English for Communication courses aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

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Project in partnership with a research laboratory and/or a company, emphasizing the scientific skills, autonomy and adaptabilitý of the student.

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The internship or end-of-study project should emphasize the student's scientific skills, autonomy, and adaptabilitý :

• Internship of 2 to 3 months (maximum 5 months) to be carried out in a research laboratory or in a company;
• or 3-month end-of-study project in a research laboratory or teaching project room.

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Description*:

1 - The aim is to enable students to understand the importance of a well-prepared application in line with an internship or job advertisement or in relation to the activities of a professional structure in the case of an unsolicited application; to write CVs and cover letters; to get to know themselves better in terms of personality; to use new technologies (social networks and job boards) and to orient their research in line with their professional project Finally, to know how to prepare and behave during job interviews.

2 - The aim is to enable students to write a scientific article following the completion of a project. To do so, they must know the objectives and characteristics of the project, the plan to be applied, the different stages of realization as well as the rules of presentation. Then, to present their project orally, students must know and be able to apply the general structure of the presentation; define appropriate and relevant visual aids; respect the rules of oral expression in order to express themselves correctly and professionally (vocabulary, syntax, etc.); adopt behaviors that energize the speech and enable the audience to be hooked.

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Nowadays, image processing is omnipresent in information technologies: medicine, biology, agriculture, entertainment, culture, measurement, mechanics...

Image processing consists of applying mathematical transformations to images in order to modify their appearance or to extract information from them. More generally, image processing aims to manipulate the underlying information contained in an image. If it has long been achieved through electronic circuits, image processing is nowadays almost exclusively done digitally, ie via algorithms programmed generally with an imperative language (C, C++, Java, Python, ...).

This course aims to provide a solid foundation in image processing. It covers image formation and acquisition, color transformations, morphological operations, geometric transformations, compression, frequency transformations, recognition and matching techniques, ... and an introduction to deep learning methods. The courses are complemented by support videos.

The teaching unit is mainly composed of 11 didactic courses dealing with the basics in the main fields of image processing and 3 practical work sessions whose subjects are to be chosen among 6 proposals. The students can choose to carry out the work on images that they bring corresponding to their field of training.

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Manufacturing processes

- Notion of technological steps

- Manufacturing masks

Analog circuit design :

- Basic CMOS cells

- CMOS amplifiers: 1 stage, 2 stages, 3 stages; advanced structures

- Electrical simulation of cells and AOP

Digital circuit design:

- Simple logic doors - ANDORI complex doors

- Domino logic

- Speed optimization

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The course presents in a progressive way the main physical phenomena allowing to understand the functioning of electronic components and their use in electronic circuits. The first part introduces the physics of semiconductor materials and then, in the second part, deals with the characteristics of materials at equilibrium. The third part presents the main electronic transport phenomena. Finally, the fourth and fifth parts present the most important electronic components: diodes and transistors.

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The design and manufacture of digital integrated circuits are among the greatest challenges facing the global engineering industry. To illustrate the situation, let's take the example of the integrated circuits currently manufactured for the telephone industry. For the most advanced of them, it is possible to count no less than ten billion transistors. Managing such a large amount of information requires the use of complex design methods and tools.

The current paradigm of design methods is based on the use of pre-characterized logic gate libraries. These libraries consider the external environment such as the supply voltage (V) and the temperature (T) as well as the manufacturing context of the circuits through the variability of the manufacturing process (P). It is only from the information contained in these that it will be possible to i) establish the performance in terms of frequency and power consumption of the circuits being designed and ii) guarantee a high manufacturing yield. All of these constraints, known as "PVT", are taken into account through a design method known as the CORNERS method.

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Advanced Programming

• object-oriented programming (C++)
• classes
• attributes/methods
• heritage
• pointers
• templates
• C++11 standards

Artificial Intelligence

• learning: State of the art, problems, applications
• PCA (Principal Component Analysis)
• SVM (Support Vector Machines)
• generations 1 2 and 3 of neural networks (spike technologies, etc.)
• neural network learning
• convolutional neural networks
• reinforcement learning
• genetic algorithms

Practical work

• Implementation of a logic simulator for microelectronics
• Implementation (in C++) then integration (in ROS) of robotics algorithms
• Introduction to classification tools based on artificial intelligence
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• Advanced Programming

  • object oriented programming (C++)
  • classes
  • attributes/methods
  • heritage
  • pointers
  • templates
  • C++11 standards

  Artificial Intelligence

  • Machine Learning: State of art, problems, applications
  • PCA (Principal Component Analysis)
  • SVM (Support Vector Machines)
  • Neural networks generations 1, 2 and 3 (spike technologies, etc)
  • Convolutional neural networks
  • Reinforcement learning
  • Genetic Algorithms

  Laboratory Practicals

  • Implementation of a logical simulator for microelectronics
  • Implementation (in C++) and integration (in ROS) of robotic algorithms
  • Introduction to classification tools based on artificial intelligence

   

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• Objectives and issues of physical security
• Symmetric encryption (DES, AES) and associated microelectronic architectures
• Modular calculation and multiplication of large numbers
• Asymmetric encryption (RSA) and associated microelectronic architectures
• Authentication principle
• Generation of random numbers
• Backchannel attacks
• Attacks in faults

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The first sessions of the course are devoted to the recall of the large and small signal transistor models as well as to the small signal modeling techniques of elementary analog integrated circuits. The second part of the course is devoted to the description of the basic blocks whose interconnection allows the realization of analog integrated circuits: current/voltage reference, mirrors and current sources, single transistor active load amplifiers, differential pair. The fundamental design principles of CMOS amplifiers are discussed in the third part. Emphasis is placed on the performance-transistor sizing link in the design of a two-stage Miller amplifier. Some advanced amplifier architectures are presented at the end of the course in order to highlight the interest of mastering the basic blocks.

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This course covers a wide range of knowledge from the foundations of Boolean logic to the architecture of Systems-on-Chips (SoC), including logic synthesis flows, processor architecture and the basics of embedded software. VHDL, a hardware description language, also plays an important role in this course and will be studied in class and used in practical exercises, as well as in an "embedded systems" project.

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This course covers a wide range of topics ranging from fundamentals of Boolean logic to digital SoC (Systems-on-Chips) architecture, including digital design flows, computer architecture and embedded software basics. VHDL will be studied in this lecture, for both logic synthesis and modelling / simulation purposes. Labs include hands-on VHDL exercises (design of a simple stack processor), and an "Embedded system" student project makes it possible to deepen knowledge in the area.

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• Testing of digital integrated circuits.
• Mistake models.
• Generation of test vectors.
• Design for Test (DFT).
• Stand-alone integrated test (BIST).
• Testing of Analog Integrated Circuits.
• Industrial testing (functional and parametric tests, characterization).

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- Know the characteristics of the radiative environments of space and avionics, the important quantities and the interaction between radiation and matter

- Understand and evaluate the different effects of radiation on electronic components and systems.

- Know and understand the testing methods

- understand future industrial challenges: reliability of electric and autonomous vehicles, press space, nuclear dismantling, ...

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• Know the characteristics of space and avionics radiative environments, important quantities and radiation matter interaction
• Understand and evaluate the different effects of radiation on electronic components and systems.
• Know and understand test methods
• understand future industrial challenges: reliability of electric and autonomous vehicles, newspace, nuclear dismantling, ...

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Project in partnership with a research laboratory and/or a company, emphasizing the scientific skills, autonomy and adaptability of the student.

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5 to 6 month internship in a research laboratory or in a company, emphasizing the scientific skills, autonomy and adaptability of the student.

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Preparation for professional integration.

The course is taught by a senior HR consultant and former HRM of large groups, who brings to the teaching her rich experience in recruitment.

A pedagogical approach that favors the sharing of experience and the response to students' situations and questions.

General information on recruitment from A to Z, how to be more efficient in your search, vision on the approaches of final recruiters, recruitment firms, service companies.

Simulated recruitment interviews in small groups with personalized debriefing orchestrated by the teacher.

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Specialized English and English for Communication courses aimed at professional autonomy in the English language.

Reinforce and consolidate the knowledge acquired in Master 1.

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