M2 - Biomechanics

This course is common to both the CDPI and Biomechanics tracks. It lies at the heart of any industrial product design process, whether in the healthcare sector or any other field. In this course, various stakeholders from the socio-economic sector will contribute their expertise in this field.

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Biomechanics is an interdisciplinary field that has grown significantly in recent years. It covers numerous fields of application, such as sports movement analysis, accident analysis, traumatology, orthopedics, the biocompatibility of osteoarticular prostheses, functional rehabilitation, diagnostic support and management of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, tissue growth and remodeling, tissue engineering, and more.

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This course unit applies to the “Innovative Mechanics Project.” The goal is to provide students with the tools to simulate the process of starting a business based on the product or product line developed as part of the innovative project.

This learning unit is divided into:

a course taught by professionals in the field of entrepreneurship

Consultations provided by professionals to guide students (in groups of up to three) through a simulation of starting their own business.

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This module provides the basic concepts needed to understand the various mechanical behaviors of materials and to see how they can be studied through experiments or models. The module will begin with a basic review of continuum mechanics under the Small Disturbance Assumption (SDA). The different classes of mechanical behavior in materials will be studied (elasticity, viscoelasticity, plasticity, etc.), as well as the various mechanical moduli (Young’s modulus, compressibility, shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio, etc.), for all types of materials (metals, composites, polymers, etc.). After examining the relationships between different microstructures and mechanical properties, the main tests used to characterize the mechanical behavior of materials will be presented. Basic concepts in anisotropic elasticity will also be presented (anisotropic elasticity tensors, orthotropy, transverse isotropy). Basic rheological models, commonly used to simply model these behaviors, will then be presented, and we will show how their parameters can be identified. The module will conclude with a presentation of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) methods.

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This course is common to both the CSIM and Biomechanics tracks. It combines skills in the mechanics of rigid bodies and imaging. It applies to problems in biomechanics, robotics, and many other fields related to motion analysis, such as “motion capture” for video games. It consists of a theoretical component—including lectures and tutorials—and a practical component—laboratory sessions conducted in collaboration with the STAPS department.

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The purpose of this course unit is to prepare students for job interviews by providing them with the tools they need to highlight their past experiences.

This training is conducted using mock interview exercises based on actual job postings.

Labor law here focuses on an analysis of the main provisions of an employment contract, including, in particular, the obligations of the employee, the obligations of the employer, and the termination of the employment relationship.

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This course is a continuation of the “Advanced Numerical Simulation” module. It is a project-based module that focuses on computational aspects, similar to what is done in engineering design firms.

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Chapter 1: Large Deformations and Numerical Analysis

Chapter 2: Numerical Solutions to Steady-State and Transient Problems (Elastoplasticity, Contact, Friction)

Chapter 3: Numerical Solutions in Transient Dynamics and Modal Analysis

The lectures are supplemented by application-based tutorials, and the lab sessions are conducted using ANSYS software.

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Biomechanics is primarily based on various mechanical theories (solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, etc.) applied to the study of biological systems. Since the Biomechanics course is open to an audience that may not necessarily be experts in mechanics (doctors, orthopedists, physical therapists, etc.), it is necessary to introduce this audience to the basic concepts of rigid-body mechanics. Indeed, the human body can be considered, as a first approximation, as a set of body segments (foot, leg, thigh, hip, torso, etc.) connected by joints. These segments can be modeled as rigid bodies in order to study aspects related to the body’s static equilibrium, such as its movements, as well as impacts and trauma.  

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Field measurements are increasingly used in engineering, particularly in mechanical engineering. The objective of this module is to introduce the fundamentals of various imaging methods using image interpretation models of increasing complexity.

We begin by defining the operating principles of imaging devices, then present some tools from mathematical morphology to extract statistical information about geometric quantities.

We then discuss infrared thermography methods through two interpretive models: camera calibration and thermal problem inversion to identify heat sources.

Finally, image correlation methods are presented, with an emphasis on the various underlying interpretive models (camera, transformation, conservation of optical flux, likelihood criterion).The course concludes with a comparison between experimental measurements and a numerical model using a finite-element model registration method. The theoretical lectures are supplemented by laboratory sessions that allow students to apply the processing methods and illustrate the influence of the main analysis parameters.

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This course is of paramount importance to the program. It involves applying all the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the program by carrying out a long-term scientific project.

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