CHOICE1

Genesis, nature, and future of deposits in sedimentary basins.

Series of 15 lectures/conferences/debates and practical/tutorial sessions

Course content / Integrated practicals / Tutorials (sedimentary basins, continental weathering,

sediment transport, detrital and carbonate environments, factors affecting sedimentation: Sequential stratigraphy, diagenesis)

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The EU aims to offer students an integrative approach to the morphology, anatomy, and development of the vegetative and reproductive systems of spermatophytes, from an ecological, functional, and evolutionary perspective. This approach is implemented by students through a supervised project focused on the study of a model plant, taking into account interindividual variability, different stages of development, site conditions, and biological type.

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The structure of this course is similar to that developed in S4. The objective is to provide students with knowledge about the biology, ecology, and evolution of three taxonomic groups in question. Beyond species identification (which will be covered extensively), this course will address the evolution and systematics of the taxonomic group in question, fundamental ecology (evolutionary and functional ecology), applied ecology (conservation), physiology, legislation, and methods of study and identification.

After a general introductory course, two areas of study will be offered in parallel. One will focus on cryptogams (algae, lichens, mosses, and fungi), the other on fauna (chiroptera and arthropods).

Cryptogames

The aim of this section is to familiarize students with the extremely diverse organisms known as bryophytes, phaeophytes, and fungi. The principle is 1) to approach these little-known diversities from a naturalist's perspective, 2) to place these observations in an evolutionary perspective (phylogenetic aspects), and 3) to link the observations to the role of these organisms in terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

Finally, the module will address aspects of daily life, economics, and citizenship related to species (toxicology, food, medicine).

Wildlife

The objective is for students to acquire/deepen their knowledge of the biology of arthropods and bats, which are taxonomic groups that are of great interest from the perspective of fundamental ecology studies (ethology, evolutionary ecology, functional ecology), applied ecology (conservation biology), and environmental education/teaching. Beyond species identification, this area of study will address the evolution and systematics of these taxa, their physiology, their ecological and behavioral characteristics, and their roles in ecosystems. The course will incorporate innovative teaching approaches, combining the use of traditional tools (visual recognition) and modern tools (acoustic identification using software). Among the arthropods, the groups that will be particularly addressed are Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, and Orthoptera, which represent highly diverse orders that will allow us to best address the concept of species, which is central to biology. Species identification will form the basis for studying their biology and ecology and addressing the concepts of evolution and phylogeny.

Each group (Fauna - Cryptogams) will have 12 hours of fieldwork available (half of which will be shared by both groups) to be carried out according to terms to be defined (4 half-day outings, or 2 full-day outings). Practical work may be carried out on university sites (university campus - Labex CEMEB experimental field at CEFE - Botanical Garden) that are suitable for studying the various organisms.

Cross-cutting concept

The EU is organized around a concept common to both TP groups which, through a flipped classroom approach, will enable students to use the species observed to identify key concepts in conservation biology. In S5, the concept of species (and related entities such as subspecies, hybrids, etc.) will be discussed in depth from both a theoretical and practical perspective. This concept will enable students to address 1. the foundations and limitations of different perspectives on species (morphological, genetic, ecological), 2. methodological problems related to the identification of taxa in the field and in the laboratory, and 3. the issues this raises from the point of view of species conservation. To this end, at the end of the sequence, students will present a taxon, from among those proposed in the course unit, whose identification proves to be complex.

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The aim of this teaching unit is to understand animal behavior in an integrative way, in light of Tinbergen's four "whys," from its ontogenesis to its evolution: from its ontogenesis and neurobiological causes to its evolution and biological functions. In addition to historical, conceptual, and methodological contributions, students will be guided in understanding the diversity of traits involved, as well as the diversity of approaches and associated scientific questions.

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Ecotoxicology concerns the study of the effects of pollutants on living species and on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. This course unit aims to provide a better understanding of:

- the main types of organic and mineral pollutants (historical or emerging), as well as their sources and the factors influencing their fate in the natural environment and in organisms,

- the effects of pollutants on micro- and macro-organisms at different levels of biological integration (molecule, individual, communities),

- methods for assessing biological effects, environmental quality, and ecotoxicological risk within the current European regulatory framework,

- bioremediation processes through several case studies.

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The objective of this proposed course in L3S5 is to acquire knowledge about the organization, development, and functioning of different physiological systems in animals. More specifically, the functions of circulation, thermoregulation, hormonal regulation, and nervous integration will be addressed using a comparative approach (examples drawn from different taxonomic groups) and in an evolutionary context. Questions related to the bioethical aspects of animal physiology experimentation will also be addressed.

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The aim of this teaching unit is to understand animal behavior in an integrative way, in light of Tinbergen's four "whys," from its ontogenesis to its evolution: from its ontogenesis and neurobiological causes to its evolution and biological functions. In addition to historical, conceptual, and methodological contributions, students will be guided in understanding the diversity of traits involved, as well as the diversity of approaches and associated scientific questions.

See the full page

Ecotoxicology concerns the study of the effects of pollutants on living species and on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. This course unit aims to provide a better understanding of:

- the main types of organic and mineral pollutants (historical or emerging), as well as their sources and the factors influencing their fate in the natural environment and in organisms,

- the effects of pollutants on micro- and macro-organisms at different levels of biological integration (molecule, individual, communities),

- methods for assessing biological effects, environmental quality, and ecotoxicological risk within the current European regulatory framework,

- bioremediation processes through several case studies.

See the full page

The structure of this course is similar to that developed in S4. The objective is to provide students with knowledge about the biology, ecology, and evolution of three taxonomic groups in question. Beyond species identification (which will be covered extensively), this course will address the evolution and systematics of the taxonomic group in question, fundamental ecology (evolutionary and functional ecology), applied ecology (conservation), physiology, legislation, and methods of study and identification.

After a general introductory course, two areas of study will be offered in parallel. One will focus on cryptogams (algae, lichens, mosses, and fungi), the other on fauna (chiroptera and arthropods).

Cryptogames

The aim of this section is to familiarize students with the extremely diverse organisms known as bryophytes, phaeophytes, and fungi. The principle is 1) to approach these little-known diversities from a naturalist's perspective, 2) to place these observations in an evolutionary perspective (phylogenetic aspects), and 3) to link the observations to the role of these organisms in terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

Finally, the module will address aspects of daily life, economics, and citizenship related to species (toxicology, food, medicine).

Wildlife

The objective is for students to acquire/deepen their knowledge of the biology of arthropods and bats, which are taxonomic groups that are of great interest from the perspective of fundamental ecology studies (ethology, evolutionary ecology, functional ecology), applied ecology (conservation biology), and environmental education/teaching. Beyond species identification, this area of study will address the evolution and systematics of these taxa, their physiology, their ecological and behavioral characteristics, and their roles in ecosystems. The course will incorporate innovative teaching approaches, combining the use of traditional tools (visual recognition) and modern tools (acoustic identification using software). Among the arthropods, the groups that will be particularly addressed are Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, and Orthoptera, which represent highly diverse orders that will allow us to best address the concept of species, which is central to biology. Species identification will form the basis for studying their biology and ecology and addressing the concepts of evolution and phylogeny.

Each group (Fauna - Cryptogams) will have 12 hours of fieldwork available (half of which will be shared by both groups) to be carried out according to terms to be defined (4 half-day outings, or 2 full-day outings). Practical work may be carried out on university sites (university campus - Labex CEMEB experimental field at CEFE - Botanical Garden) that are suitable for studying the various organisms.

Cross-cutting concept

The EU is organized around a concept common to both TP groups which, through a flipped classroom approach, will enable students to use the species observed to identify key concepts in conservation biology. In S5, the concept of species (and related entities such as subspecies, hybrids, etc.) will be discussed in depth from both a theoretical and practical perspective. This concept will enable students to address 1. the foundations and limitations of different perspectives on species (morphological, genetic, ecological), 2. methodological problems related to the identification of taxa in the field and in the laboratory, and 3. the issues this raises from the point of view of species conservation. To this end, at the end of the sequence, students will present a taxon, from among those proposed in the course unit, whose identification proves to be complex.

See the full page

The EU aims to offer students an integrative approach to the morphology, anatomy, and development of the vegetative and reproductive systems of spermatophytes, from an ecological, functional, and evolutionary perspective. This approach is implemented by students through a supervised project focused on the study of a model plant, taking into account interindividual variability, different stages of development, site conditions, and biological type.

See the full page

Genesis, nature, and future of deposits in sedimentary basins.

Series of 15 lectures/conferences/debates and practical/tutorial sessions

Course content / Integrated practicals / Tutorials (sedimentary basins, continental weathering,

sediment transport, detrital and carbonate environments, factors affecting sedimentation: Sequential stratigraphy, diagenesis)

See the full page

See the full page