Profile 1 BE

This course is a cross-disciplinary course in the second year of the SV program designed to provide biology students with a fundamental understanding of how plants function, enabling them to grasp the current challenges in plant agricultural sciences.

The following basic concepts of plant physiology and functional biology will be studied: 

Key experimental approaches: plant transgenesis, forward and reverse genetics

Fundamentals of Autotrophy

mechanisms underlying the major stages of angiosperm development: meristem function, floral transition, and fertilization.

auxin, a key hormone involved in plant development and their response to the abiotic environment

The laboratory sessions will allow students to experiment with regulating plant water uptake and to analyze plant mineral nutrition using various biochemical assays (flame photometry, spectrophotometry). 

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Course Description (max 10 lines):

The objective of this learning unit is to help students understand how to measure variation in biology and how it can be represented. It draws on concrete examples from various fields of biology (ecology, developmental biology, evolution, genetics, physiology) and provides the statistical tools for measuring this variation and the graphical methods for representing it. Statistical concepts such as sampling, inference, distribution, central tendency, dispersion, distribution function, parameters, confidence intervals, and dependence between variables for different types of variables (binomial, discrete, continuous) are explained through tutorials based on biological problems.

Competencies targeted by the EU (see competency framework):

- Descriptive analytical tools in biology; an introduction to biostatistics through the analysis of biological patterns

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This course unit brings together three complementary and fundamental disciplines of Earth sciences: sedimentology, tectonics, and mapping. The various types of sedimentary rocks will be taught in detail to enable students to interpret the context of their formation and the associated processes. Topics in ductile and brittle tectonics will also be addressed at various scales to establish their formation context, particularly in terms of stress regimes. Laboratory work on samples will be conducted in parallel to help students develop their observational and drawing skills and make use of the department’s extensive collections. Finally, an introduction to reading and working with geological maps (schematic maps, cross-sections) will be provided, applying the concepts of sedimentology and tectonics previously acquired. This course unit is designed to enable students to outline the general history of a given region’s geology.

Hourly volumes:

• CM: 12
• TD: 3
• TP: 21

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This course is a practical, complementary application of the course “Description of Variability 1” (HAV312B).

The creation and analysis of datasets are carried out through lab sessions using the R software, in conjunction with tutorial sessions, as well as the generation of graphs and numerical parameters used to characterize the samples and their variability.

Competencies targeted by the EU (see competency framework):

- Descriptive analytical tools in biology; an introduction to biostatistics through the analysis of biological patterns

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This course is an introduction to the general concepts of scientific ecology: levels of organization, measurement and conservation of biodiversity, biogeography, and biotic and abiotic factors influencing the distribution and dynamics of biodiversity. It also provides an understanding of the methods used in scientific ecology: the importance of experimentation, considerations for designing a protocol, data analysis, and oral and written reports on an experiment.

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The purpose of this course is to explore the fungal kingdom from biological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives. Through a series of lectures, supplemented by group work sessions (tutorials and lab sessions), students will become familiar with these organisms, their biological characteristics (particularly with regard to reproduction), and their roles in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, the role of fungi in human societies (particularly in food and medicine) will be explored as part of this course unit, which also aims to analyze the links between biodiversity and human societies.

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The EU covers the theoretical concepts of plant biology, using the group of spermatophytes as a model. It aims to define the concepts and specific vocabulary related to morphology, anatomy, reproduction, and life cycles.

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The EU is interested in describing the morpho-anatomical characteristics of the major organizational plans of metazoans found in present-day and past faunas, as well as in explaining their origin and the dynamics of their emergence. It thus develops a perspective on organisms based on paleontology and zoology. It will primarily address the origin of metazoans and the main divisions—diploblastic and triploblastic organisms—as well as basic concepts related to the positioning and phylogenetic relationships among taxa (mono- and paraphyly, evolutionary convergence, etc.). The course is traditionally divided into lectures, tutorials—which will primarily aim to illustrate and support aspects related to the biodiversity of taxa—and laboratory sessions designed to develop skills, particularly and mandatorily in dissection.

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EUObjectives: A comparative study of major physiological functions in animals in relation to their environment. A study of structures and functions at various levels of integration, from the organism to the molecule.

Organisms studied: mammals compared with other vertebrate models (teleosts, etc.) and invertebrates (insects, crustaceans, mollusks, etc.).

Description: This course will cover certain major physiological functions (respiration, nutrition, excretion, and water-and-electrolyte regulation) as well as the fundamentals of immunology and regulatory systems (the nervous system and chemical communication). In addition to lectures, students will work in groups on various topics proposed by the instructors. They will present these topics in the form of presentations and summarize the key points to remember in a written summary. Lab sessions and a tutorial will also be offered to illustrate the course material.

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