L1S2 SVSE Profile Series 3

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

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This course is an introduction to the basic concepts of the different disciplines that study animal behavior: Neuroscience, Ethology, Behavioral Ecology

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This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

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Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

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This course aims to introduce first year undergraduate students to the living world through a naturalist approach. This approach consists of studying the animals and plants that make up Mediterranean ecosystems through their taxonomy, ecology and biology. Students will be interested in different groups of organisms, including vascular plants, birds, amphibians and reptiles, insects and bats.

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This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

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The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

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Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

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This first teaching unit is devoted to the basic notions of chemistry essential to understand organic and inorganic chemistry, particularly in systems of biological interest. The students will work before certain courses and tutorials with course documents (written and audio) allowing them to be fully involved in the training, to understand the concepts presented and the skills to be acquired. All the notions presented in this course are essential for the understanding of the chemistry and biology courses.

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This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

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The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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Teaching of basic concepts related to public health and health product law

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This course is an introduction to the basic concepts of the different disciplines that study animal behavior: Neuroscience, Ethology, Behavioral Ecology

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

See full page

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

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Transversal course allowing the acquisition of general and scientific knowledge on marine mammals 

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This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

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The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

See full page

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This course is an introduction to the basic concepts of the different disciplines that study animal behavior: Neuroscience, Ethology, Behavioral Ecology

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

See full page

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

See full page

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

See full page

This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

See full page

The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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This optional course allows students to prepare for the animal physiology courses of the next two semesters by approaching this discipline exclusively through the analysis of historical experiments that have provided the basis for this subject. In class, historical experiments on digestion, ventilation, cardiac activity, reproduction and development are analyzed. In class, the experiments analyzed cover nutrition, metabolism, respiratory gas exchange, vessels, blood pressure, kidneys, growth, nervous and hormonal communication and immunity.

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

See full page

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

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Origin and Evolution of the planet ;

Geological Scale and Geochronology;

Geographies, topographies and past environments;

Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Atmosphere/Geosphere interactions,

Human evolution and anthropization;

Natural resources (water, energy, mineral resources) and anthropization 

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This UE proceeds from themes involving a biological problem, for which it is essential to carry out calculations and to understand or draw graphic representations (curves essentially). Motivated by these biological aspects, the students must acquire a minimal background allowing them to continue their studies in biology.

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This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

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The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

See full page

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This course is an introduction to the basic concepts of the different disciplines that study animal behavior: Neuroscience, Ethology, Behavioral Ecology

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

See full page

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

See full page

This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

See full page

The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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Computer base:

1- Information and data

Conducting research and monitoring information (search engine, social networks...)

Manage data (file manager, databases...)

Process data (spreadsheet)

2- Communication and collaboration

Interact (e-mail, video-conferencing, etc.)

Share and publish (sharing platforms, forum and comment space...)

Collaborate in a group (collaborative work platform and document sharing...)

Enter the digital world (develop a public presence on the web...)

3- Content creation

Develop text documents (word processing, presentation...)

Develop multimedia documents (image/sound/video/animation capture and editing...)

Adapt documents to their purpose (format conversion tools...)

Programming (simple computer development, solving a logical problem...)

4- Protection and security

Secure the digital environment (protection software, encryption...)

Protect personal data and privacy (privacy settings...)

Protecting health, well-being and the environment

5- Environment and digital

Solve technical problems (software configuration and maintenance...)

Build a digital environment (operating system, installation of new software...)

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The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

See full page

This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

See full page

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

See full page

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

See full page

This UE proceeds from themes involving a biological problem, for which it is essential to carry out calculations and to understand or draw graphic representations (curves essentially). Motivated by these biological aspects, the students must acquire a minimal background allowing them to continue their studies in biology.

See full page

This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

See full page

The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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This teaching unit aims to provide students with recent knowledge in cognitive neuroscience in order to better use their brain resources to better learn, reflect, be critical of information and of themselves, and solve a problem more efficiently. The aim is to make some of the brain mechanisms involved in learning more readable in order to offer students the opportunity to take a look at their way of working and to help them choose more effective cognitive strategies from among those proposed. The course also offers students ways to become better scientists by avoiding cognitive biases in favor of a rigorous, innovative and creative scientific approach. Workshops and lectures will be offered in this sense in the class. Portraits of great and inspiring scientists will also illustrate how science advances.

 Finally, aware that multiplying the sensory input channels stabilizes the memory trace, we propose a part of the teaching in the form of forum theater for those who wish to do so. This lively formula allows the student who wishes to invest in the game to be proactive in changing his or her profile as a learner and transforming him or her into an actor both on stage and in life. For those who are not inclined to act, there is no obligation. Simply observing the play of others is a powerful awareness of unconscious mechanisms that are not at the service of their learning and allows them to actively integrate the resources that are proposed to them.

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