OPTION 1

The module content is divided into three sections:

1) a sequence defining concepts, introducing a tool (R), and reviewing vocabulary related to statistical estimation and its application to calibrating hydrological parameters;

2) a sequence on methods for analyzing uncertainties and sensitivity, and

3) a sequence on data assimilation applied to hydraulic modeling. The EU will also be introduced by a presentation from an engineering firm executive who will explain the usefulness of this type of approach in engineering.

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This EU addresses the concepts of mass and heat transfer in aquifers, as well as the characteristics of low-energy and high-energy geothermal energy.                                                                                                                                                                                                             

The vulnerability of the underground resource will be assessed and, where appropriate, methods for protecting the aquifer from pollution will be evaluated. Various techniques for decontaminating aquifers will also be discussed, particularly through the solutions provided by digital simulation tools.

The principles of geothermal energy will also be discussed through examples of specific systems based on the three types of geothermal energy (from shallow to very deep, from low temperature to very high temperature).

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As part of this course, students will practice project planning and estimating the time required for each task, using the SWOT matrix/sabotage exercise, risk management, organizing and leading meetings, and giving oral presentations on the project. Other aspects of project management may be addressed on a case-by-case basis, such as financial management, the role of the project manager, relationships with partners, and the use of tools such as to-do lists, Kanban, shared calendars, etc.

Following on from the Project Management course in the Master's 1 program, the Project Management course in the Master's 2 program aims to assess the assimilation of the skills acquired in the previous year and to go further by focusing on a longer project (lasting from a few weeks to a few months), either individual or group-based, study-related or personal.

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The three major models of irrigation worldwide—large-scale hydraulic systems, community irrigation, and private irrigation—are presented in their historical context, based on an in-depth documentary analysis and illustrations of specific cases, with a focus on the Mediterranean region.

These three different irrigation models are presented (ideology, construction, water management, agricultural development, stakeholders, etc.) using a theoretical framework based on oxymorons. These models are then illustrated through various concrete examples, presented in PowerPoint presentations, videos, and articles.

The various main references for each type of irrigation system will be presented and discussed. Each irrigation model is discussed with the students, who present their analyses through a guided exercise. Once the three irrigation models are understood, the course focuses on the analysis of rural development models related to irrigation. The analysis is based on a critical analysis of the dualist theory of development, applied to irrigation systems.

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All future Master's graduates, whether in the "Professional" or "Research" track, must master the tools and codes of effective written scientific communication. Improving one's scientific writing skills is essential for promoting one's work and communicating it to peers, colleagues, clients, etc.

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