Metrology & Photonic Instrumentation

This module describes the operating principles of photonic components and examines their use in the development of systems, instruments, and sensors. Examples of instruments and sensors will be discussed in detail, including presentations by researchers in the field.

• Principles of operation of optical components, particularly in guided light systems.
• Overview of the instruments associated with these components and their characterization.
• Metrology Concepts Illustrated with Examples of Photonic Sensors.

Knowledge of propagation, waveguides, interference, and diffraction.

Recommended prerequisites*:

Knowledge of wave theory and photonics.

Final Exam

1 - Basic Principles (9 hours)

• Introduction to Coupling 
• Diffraction grating
• Transverse multimode interference
• Longitudinal Interference
• Scattering (Rayleigh, Raman, Brillouin)
• Faraday effect (physical effects, interactions, and sensors), 
• Anisotropy and Polarization
• Electro-optical effect
• Dispersion Reminders

2 - Optical Components (9 hours)

• Phase modulators and amplitude modulators (Mach-Zehnder)
• Optical isolators, circulators
• Evanescent-field coupler 
• Y-Coupler, Star-Type
• Wavelength (de)multiplexer (Guide array, coupled guides, etc.)
• Insertion/Extraction Coupler
• Resonators

3 - Instrumentation (12 hours) 

• Optical Spectrum Analyzer, FTIR (1.5 hours)
• OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) (white light, frequency scanning). (1.5 hours)
• LIDAR (1.5 hours)
• Imaging/Camera (4.5 hours) 
• Wavefront Measurement (1.5 hours)

4 – Measurement / Metrology (12 hours)

• Examples of Photonic Measurements and Sensors (6 hours)

• • Refractometric Sensors
  • Bragg Grating Sensors (sensitivities to temperature, strain, and pressure; interrogation techniques)
  • Gyroscopes (Sagnac effect, Gyrolaser, ring resonators)
  • Thermometers (pyrometer, Raman effect)
  • Optical reflectometry (time-domain, frequency-domain, or polarization-domain)
  • Networking

• Presentations on specific sensors related to local research activities:

• • Gas Sensors (3 hours) 
  • Plasmonic Sensors (1.5 hours) 
  • Photovoltaic Cells (1.5 hours)

CM: 42 hours