• Level of study

    BAC +4

  • ECTS

    2 credits

  • Component

    Faculty of Science

Description

This course of solution chemistry aims at introducing the different concepts necessary to the study of complex liquid mixtures used in separative chemistry. The proposed approach is mainly thermodynamic. We explain in particular the role of concentration effects, beyond the ideal laws valid only for dilute solutions.

CM : 12 H

TD : 8 H

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Objectives

The aim is to provide the future Master's graduate with a solid knowledge to describe complex solutions and to interpret the scientific data and bibliography of separative chemistry.

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Necessary pre-requisites

General chemistry undergraduate degree in chemistry and/or physics.

Bachelor's degree course in thermodynamics and structure of matter.

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Knowledge control

Final exam with a possible second session.

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Syllabus

I General thermodynamics applied to solutions

Donder's criterion - LAM - central role of the chemical potential - ideal solution - ideal mixture - quantity characterizing the composition of a mixture - effects of the activity coefficients - experimental measurement of the activity coefficients - Gibbs-Duhem equality -

Application: cmc measurement, practical example of activity measurement for lanthanide salts - comparison of equilibria in - micellisation models

 

II Acid-base equilibrium and the role of concentration

Interest of pH for speciation - experimental methods - Role of solvents - case of concentrated solutions - The case of water: pOH and preponderant role of hydroxides

Applications: Separation of actinides by acid extractant, solubility of metal ions

 

III Oxidation-reduction equilibria and speciation diagrams

Reminder of the redox course - Pourbaix diagrams - drawing and use

Applications: the relatively simple case of lanthanides, the much more difficult case of actinides

 

IV Complexation equilibria

Ligands and solvation - Successive equilibria - Classification of ligands - enthalpic and entropic factors - pC

Applications: transition elements - supramolecular and separative chemistry - generalized speciation diagrams

 

V Precipitation equilibria

Solubility - Competition between ionic species - solid solutions - kinetic factors

Application: Berthelot-Nernst and Doerner Hoskins coprecipitation.

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Additional information

Administrative contact(s):

 

Secretariat Master Chemistry

https://master-chimie.edu.umontpellier.fr/

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