Biological Investigations

This unit is dedicated to biomarkers. It serves as an introduction to detection and diagnostic techniques. It covers various aspects of biomarker analysis:

Molecular markers / techniques for identification through genomic analysis in medicine and agronomy.

1) The Concept of Polymorphism and Detection Techniques: RFLP / ER-Nucleic Acid Probes

2) RFLP markers and other genetic markers: SNPs, STRs.

3) Search for new molecular markers: differential screening of cDNA libraries / subtractive libraries / transcriptomics

4) Other genomic analyses of polymorphism: AFLP / DNA fingerprinting.

Identification Techniques in the Agri-Food Industry Using Immunological Methods

1) Basic Concepts in Immunological Techniques
2) Agglutination Reactions
3) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods
Case studies of applications in the agri-food industry:
- study of the diagnostic kit for beet rhizominosis (sandwich ELISA)
- determination of ochratoxin A in cereals (competitive ELISA)
- assessment of fish freshness by histamine determination (competitive ELISA)

Biochemical identification of protein markers and other substances (metabolites)

1) Fundamentals of chromatography and the physical characterization of a spectrum (the interactions involved in each case and the solvents used to carry them out).

2) Affinity chromatography

2.1) Principle of this type of analysis

2.2) Finding the best tag for preparing a specific gel. 

2.3) Their usefulness for various areas of research.

3) Study of protein-protein, protein-DNA, and other interactions…

4) HPLC, FPLC, and gas chromatography.

- Expertise in molecular markers for analysis and molecular diagnostics

- Proficiency in antigenic markers and common immunological analysis techniques.

- Proficiency in chromatographic techniques for analysis and fractionation.