Choice HAV209B + HAV212B

The "Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1" course is the continuation of the S1 course "From Molecules to Cells" which will have laid the structural foundations of life. In this course, students will be introduced to the basics of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements and bioenergetics.

This UE will be completed by the UE HAV204V for the L1 SVSE.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and the L1 Chemistry.

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In this course, we will go through each stage of the life cycle of organisms (mainly in metazoans and angiosperms) through a series of practical exercises covering: embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and fertilization. This series of assignments is combined with a series of tutorials to address problems in the transmission of genetic information. 

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This compulsory course is intended for all students of the Licence SV. It presents the main tools of discrete probabilities which are useful to the biologist for the understanding of random phenomena involving counting variables. The course is placed at a level accessible to a student having as a pre-requisite only the basics of probability calculus approached in high school. The course is based on concrete examples and leads to modeling. 

• A first preliminary part introduces the notion of sets, operations on sets and the simple formalization of propositions.
• The second part introduces the vocabulary of probabilities and covers the elementary calculation of probabilities (tables, trees) and conditional probabilities. The examples are based on concrete situations: calculation of probabilities in a population stratified by age, gender, diagnostic tests (sensitivity/specificity)
• The third part is devoted to the presentation of the main discrete law models: binomial, geometric, fish and their applications. The notion of independent variables is presented in a heuristic way, the objective being to provide tools to compute the expectation and variance of the sum of random variables.
• Some numerical simulations can be presented to illustrate the notion of fluctuation of a random variable or the convergence of the binomial distribution to the normal distribution or the fish distribution.

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In the lectures of this course, we describe each stage of the life cycle, starting with embryonic development (including organ development, cell differentiation and growth processes), through the acquisition of reproductive capacity (including the stages associated with meiosis and gametogenesis), and ending with fertilization. This life cycle is discussed in detail in metazoans and angiosperms, and allows you to consolidate your knowledge of the transmission of genetic information. This will allow us to solve Mendelian genetics problems including sex and epistasis effects during the tutorials of this course.

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Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds that, by definition, contain carbon. This course provides an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts necessary for students pursuing scientific careers, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and health studies.

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This course aims to introduce first year undergraduate students to the living world through a naturalist approach. This approach consists of studying the animals and plants that make up Mediterranean ecosystems through their taxonomy, ecology and biology. Students will be interested in different groups of organisms, including vascular plants, birds, amphibians and reptiles, insects and bats.

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This course, mandatory for all L1 students, will present the basics of epistemology and the scientific process as well as the tools necessary to analyze controversies surrounding the sciences and the modalities presented as alternatives. It will address the scientific investigation of so-called paranormal phenomena, pseudoscience, pseudo-medicine, psychological aberrations, sectarian alienation, etc. in order to make students aware of our cognitive biases and the rhetorical manipulations that can be used to convince or deceive. The ultimate goal of this course is to ensure that everyone can make informed choices, know how to research and sort information, and be able to protect themselves from techniques of influence and manipulation.

This course will be based on lectures and the viewing of various resources available on the internet. You will be required to complete a course of study on Moodle and in class, which will then be evaluated by an MCQ.

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The UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 2 " comes in complement of the UE "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1 " which will take place in parallel. In this course, the students will have to put into practice and deepen the theoretical knowledge acquired in "Biochemistry and molecular biology of the cell 1".

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