Membrane Engineering for Sustainable Development - Membrane Materials

This module will be divided into 3 parts:

- General introduction: main classes of materials, relationship between properties and structure of materials

- Construction and interpretation of phase diagrams: binary (e.g., with metallic and ceramic alloys)

- Construction and interpretation of ternary phase diagrams: variance, ternary eutectic definitions, first and second order peritectic, isothermal section, study of alloy cooling.

Hourly volumes:

CM: 5 p.m.

Tutorial: 8 hours

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Membrane materials are usually divided into two families: polymer membranes and inorganic (or ceramic) membranes. Each of these families will be covered in this course unit. The first part will focus on the design of polymer membranes. In this part, we will mainly discuss phase inversion preparation techniques (NIPS, VIPS, TIPS) with an overview of research and innovation (SNIPS, aquaporin, etc.). In addition, additives (particularly porogens and hydrophilic agents), which play an important role in phase inversion approaches, will be described, and the various methods of chemical modification of post-synthesis membranes will be presented. The second part will be devoted to the design of inorganic membranes. In this part, we will present, on the one hand, wet processes, namely the main methods of liquid film deposition (dip-coating, spin-coating, spraying, tape-casting, screen printing-screen engraving) and deposition from solutions (electrolytic or chemical processes) or suspensions (electrophoresis, Langmuir-Blodgett), and dry processes (PVD techniques (evaporation and spraying), CVD techniques (thermal, PECVD, and ALD), MBE, surface treatment). Finally, to illustrate the two families of membranes, we will discuss case studies on membrane applications, particularly in the field of packaging.

Hourly volumes:

            CM: 11 a.m.

            Tutorial: 9 a.m.

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This EU will address the main conventional membrane technologies in liquid and gas environments. With regard to liquid environments, the focus will be on baromembrane technologies such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, as well as technologies based on electrochemical potential gradients (electrodeionization) or temperature gradients (membrane distillation). In addition, gas permeation and pervaporation for the separation of gases and/or vapors will also be presented. For all technologies, the question of choosing suitable membrane materials will be addressed and representative examples of appropriate areas of use (related to current environmental and energy issues) will be given.

Hourly volumes:

            CM: 11 a.m.

            Tutorial: 9 a.m.

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