Membrane Engineering for Sustainable Development - Membrane Materials

This module will be divided into 3 parts:

- General introduction: main classes of materials, relation properties-structure of materials

- Construction and interpretation of phase diagrams: binary (e.g. with metallic and ceramic alloys)

- Construction and interpretation of ternary phase diagrams: variance, ternary eutectic definitions, first and second order peritectic, isothermal section, study of alloy cooling.

Hourly volumes* :

CM : 17h

TD : 8h

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Membrane materials are usually divided into two families: polymeric membranes and inorganic (or ceramic) membranes. Each of these families will make up a part of this course. The first part will be devoted to the design of polymer membranes. In this section, we will focus mainly on phase inversion preparation techniques (NIPS, VIPS, TIPS), with a focus on research and innovation (SNIPS, aquaporin, etc.). Additives (especially pore-forming and hydrophilizing agents), which play an important role in phase inversion approaches, will also be described, as well as the various routes for chemical modification of post-synthesis membranes. The second part will focus on the design of inorganic membranes. In this part, we will present both wet processes, i.e. the main methods of liquid film deposition (dip-coating, spin-coating, sputtering, tape-casting, silk-screen printing) and deposition from solutions (electrolytic or chemical processes) or suspensions (electrophoresis, Langmuir-Blodgett), and dry processes (PVD techniques (evap. and spray), CVD techniques (thermal, PECVD and ALD), MBE, surface treatment). Finally, as an illustration of the two membrane families, we will discuss case studies of membrane applications, notably in the packaging field.

Hourly volumes* :

            CM : 11h

            TD: 9h

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This course covers the main conventional membrane technologies for liquid and gas media. With regard to liquid media, baromembrane technologies such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis will be described, as well as technologies based on electrochemical potential gradients (electrodeionization) or temperature gradients (membrane distillation). Gas permeation and pervaporation for gas and/or vapor separation will also be presented. For all technologies, the question of the choice of suitable membrane materials will be addressed, and representative examples of appropriate fields of use (in line with current environmental and energy issues) will be given.

Hourly volumes* :

            CM : 11h

            TD: 9h

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