Experimentation and earth dynamics

This course introduces the concept and practical application of experimental studies in the earth sciences, from instrumental measurements in the field to quantitative analysis, modeling and interpretation of the data acquired. In practical terms, the course is structured around a physical measurement method, gravimetry, applied to terrestrial dynamics. Part of the experiments carried out in the field focus on the overall structure of the Earth (measurement of g and its vertical gradient to determine mass) and its dynamics (elastic deformation by tidal phenomena). A second part is dedicated to local imaging of the subsurface in relation to water resources (imaging and mass balance in relation to sub-surface water storage). A significant part of the course is devoted to measurement analysis and modeling.

Hourly volumes :

• CM : 12 h
• TD : 12 h
• Practical work: 6 h
• Field : 6 h

Presentation and simple application of quantitative and explicit approaches in the earth and environmental sciences:

• Field measurements
• Numerical data analysis
• Principles of earth dynamics physics
• Introduction to equations and numerical modeling

Recommended prerequisites: 

High school mathematics and physics

Continuous assessment (TD reports, written exams)

Synthetic description of the concepts covered in CM :

• Experimental approach (1.5h)
• Introduction to data analysis: precision, uncertainty, resolution (1.5h)
• Physical principles and measurements in gravimetry (3h)
• Physical principles associated with terrestrial dynamics (physical characteristics of the Earth, tidal phenomena and associated deformations, hydrology, etc.) (3h)Physical principles associated with the storage and balance of water resources in terrestrial reservoirs (3h)

Summary description of TD sessions and number of hours associated with each session

• Mathematical relationships between g gradient and Earth mass (1.5h)
• Calculating the gravimetric effect of a body of water (1.5h)
• Data analysis - Solid Earth experiment (4.5h)
• Data analysis - Water Experience (4.5h)

Summary of practical sessions and number of hours for each session

• Preparing for the Solid Earth Experiment (operating procedure, measuring apparatus, model, etc.) (3h)
• Preparation for the Water Experiment (operating procedure, measuring apparatus, model, etc.) (3h)

Description of the themes/manips covered during your field trip(s) and details of destinations/sites

• Global dynamics (solid Earth) = g measurements and vertical g gradient related to the Earth's structure (dg/dz measurement => Earth mass) and its dynamics (solid tides, elastic deformation, etc.) on the FdS experimental site (under construction). (3h)
• Subsurface imaging in relation to water resources = measurement of g and its temporal variations in relation to the water balance at the FdS experimental site (under construction). (3h)