APP Life Cycle

The program of this UE will be declined on :

• 8 tutorials of 3 hours each 
• 8 x 3-hour practical sessions
• 4 Scientific conferences

Understand the main events at cellular, organism and population levels that complete a life cycle, from fertilization to sexual maturity and reproductive behavior, by addressing the events (growth, development, cellular differentiation, behavior) involved at each stage.

• From zygote to multicellular embryo. Cleavage. Gastrulation: from zygote to leaflet; histogenesis and organogenesis. Stem cells / differentiated cells. Cell differentiation.
• Post-embryonic development: growth processes and stages. Germination, metamorphosis, growth
• Sexual organs: flower / gonad differentiation, sexual maturation, acquisition of sexual characteristics II - How are gametes produced? Gametogenesis and meiosis in mammals and gametophytes and gamete production in Angiosperms
• Fertilization: bringing the sexes together, reproductive behavior, bringing the gametes together and zygote formation.

These elements will be linked to

• Phylogenetic data, to link organization plans with development and ecology (eco-evo-devo)
• A genetic approach, to provide an overview of the different ways in which traits are transmitted.

100% Continuous assessment