How the tree works

Morphogenesis and processes fundamental to the development of the tree

               Primary growth (organogenesis and elongation; caulinar & root)

               Secondary growth (how cambium and phellogen work)

               Branching and branching patterns

               Reproduction (from flower to fruit) and reproductive phenology

Tree architecture

               Architectural models

               The concept of architectural unity

               The reiteration

               Senescence and Dieback

               Morphogenetic gradients

               Root architecture

               Diversity, variability and plasticity of tree functioning and adaptation

Structure-time relations: dendrochronological approaches      

               Phenology and chronobiology

               Primary growth, branching, flowering and morpho-anatomical markers

               Cambial functioning and growth rings

               A posteriori reconstruction of the development of the tree

Ecophysiology and functional architecture of trees             

               Mechanical support

               Root absorption (incl. role of mycorrhizae)

               Conduction

               Photosynthesis

               Reserves

               Reproduction

               Trade-off and trade-offs between functions

Adaptations and structure-function relationships

               Adaptation to herbivory (spinescence, underground stems, latex, chemical compounds, ...)

               Resistance to pathogens (bark, latex, etc.)

               Fire resistance (bark, ability to reject, pyrophytes, etc.)

               Drought tolerance/resistance

Wood as a marker of history

               Anthracology

               Dendrochronology / Dendroclimatology

               Marker of vegetation, uses, climate

               Practical work analysis of carrots after drying...

EU HAW703 aims to provide students with knowledge of tree development and function, using an integrative approach. The tree's biological cycle is covered through the spatial and temporal development of its architecture, anatomy and major functions. Diversity is addressed through examples of Mediterranean, temperate and tropical species and their adaptations to their environment.

Understand and describe tree architecture by analyzing primary and secondary growth.

Identify the genetic and environmental parameters that influence primary growth, cambial function and duraminization.

Distinguish between the main tree species in the field and in clumps

See how trees adapt to climate change.