Genetics for plant breeding

In the first part, this module aims to provide general knowledge about plant breeding. A historical analysis of plant breeding is carried out in order to initiate a reflection on the evolution of the speed of genetic progress, ideotypes, and also the profession of breeder.

In the second part, the various methodologies for improving germplasm and for creating new varieties are described. The schemes traditionally used in selection, such as backcrossing, recurrent selection, pedigree selection, and diallel testing, are described in detail. Part of the course is also devoted to providing tools for reasoning about and monitoring these selection schemes (e.g., AGC/ASC calculations, heritability calculations, genotype evaluation statistics). These theoretical courses are also illustrated by courses taught by various plant breeding professionals.

Examples of interventions:

• Arnaud Boisnard (CFR): course on rice selection in the Camargue region
• Frederic Bakry (CIRAD): course on banana selection
• André Clement-Demange (CIRAD): course on rubber tree selection
• Vincent Gensollen (GEVES): visit to GEVES Montpellier

Experimentation in conservative selection is covered in the third part of the course. The various methods of seed production and the different ways of improving seed production and quality are discussed with the help of professionals.

Examples of interventions:

• Sophie Colénot (Bayer) experience in seed production
• David Martinez (Clause Hm) seed quality experimentation

In addition to the classes, students must give a presentation in which they develop a breeding program for a cultivated species. To prepare this presentation, students must put into practice what they have learned in class and also engage in discussions with breeders.

• Acquire the basics of genetics and plant breeding to start a career as an assistant breeder.
• Acquire the knowledge to conduct experiments in seed production.
• Acquire general knowledge about plant improvement.
• Knowing how to analyze a scientific article.

Hourly volumes:

            CM: 18

            TD: 15

Basic knowledge of meiosis and Mendelian genetics