Genetics for plant improvement

In the first part, this module aims to give a general culture around plant improvement. A historical analysis of plant improvement is carried out in order to initiate a reflection on the evolution of the speed of genetic progress, ideotypes and also the profession of breeder.

In a second part, the different methodologies to improve germplasms and to create are described. Classical selection schemes such as backcross, recurrent selection, pedigree selection and diallel tests are described in detail. A part of the course is also used to give tools to reason / follow these selection schemes (e.g. AGC/ASC calculations, heritability calculations, genotype evaluation statistics,). These theoretical courses are also illustrated by courses given by different actors of plant improvement.

Example of interventions:

• Arnaud Boisnard (CFR): course on rice breeding in Camargues
• Frederic Bakry (CIRAD): course on banana breeding
• André Clement-Demange (CIRAD): course on rubber tree breeding
• Vincent Gensollen (GEVES) : visit of GEVES Montpellier

Experimentation in conservation breeding is discussed in a third part of the course. The different methods of seed production and the different ways to improve seed production and quality are discussed with the help of professionals.

Examples of interventions:

• Sophie Colénot (Bayer) experience in seed production
• David Martinez (Clause Hm) seed quality experimentation

In addition to the lectures, students are required to give a presentation in which they must develop a breeding program for a crop species. In order to prepare this presentation, students must apply what they have seen in class and also have exchanges with breeders.

• Acquire the basics of genetics and plant improvement to start an activity as an assistant breeder.
• Acquire the knowledge to do experimentation in seed production.
• Acquire a general knowledge of plant improvement.
• Know how to analyze a scientific article.

Hourly volumes* :

            CM : 18

            TD : 15

Basic knowledge of meiosis and Mendelian genetics