Geodynamics

The Geodynamics EU combines the presentation, study, and characterization of the major processes associated with the geodynamics of the solid Earth: mantle dynamics, plate tectonics, plate boundaries (breakaways, subductions, collisions, oceanic expansion), and intraplate domains. These systems and processes are studied through natural examples at the scale of the crust and lithosphere, with an emphasis on integrating the various data and tools used in Earth sciences (geophysics, geochemistry, structural geology, rock mechanics, petrology, etc.). NB: the hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere are not covered.

The lectures are combined with tutorials focused on analyzing and summarizing documents in order to characterize geodynamic processes, drawing on concepts covered in geosciences since the first semester.

Hourly volumes:

CM: 3 p.m.

TD: 9 p.m.

Objectives:

Description, study, and understanding of the major geodynamic processes that structure and affect the solid Earth. Understanding the dynamics of these systems, their evolution over time, and their interactions.

Basic knowledge (level L1 and L2) in Earth sciences (structural geology, geophysics, geochemistry, sedimentology, etc.)

Continuous assessment (tutorial reports, written exams)

Brief description of the concepts covered in CM:

• Introduction: Paleo-reconstructions, kinematic relationships - driving forces
• Convection and mantle dynamics, asthenosphere–lithosphere interactions
• Plate kinematics (velocity space, triple point, Eulerian pole, partitioning)
• Rifting - Deformation modes, distribution of deformation and seismicity Rift, ridge, expansion, cooling of the oceanic lithosphere
• Subduction – Dynamics, balance of forces, deformation, and GPS arc and back-arc
• Collision - Integration of geology, tectonics, dynamics
• Intraplate domain (rheology, GIA, viscosity)

Understanding the functioning of geodynamic processes affecting the solid Earth

Understanding how large plate boundary systems work

Knowing how to integrate data and information from all fields of Earth sciences to characterize the geodynamics of the solid Earth

Knowing how to place natural examples in their theoretical context (plate tectonics, balance of forces, etc.)