• Level of study

    BAC +2

  • Component

    Faculty of Science

  • Hourly volume

    36h

Description

This module completes and formalizes the notions of thermodynamics introduced by the EU Thermodynamics 1, by deepening several aspects: thermodynamic potentials defined from Legendre transformations, thermodynamics of open systems, phase transitions of the pure body and irreversible processes, with incursions at the microscopic level in order to give an overview of the physical foundations of the theory.

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Objectives

  • Use differential forms and their properties in the context of thermodynamics.
  • Perform the energy balance and entropy balance of a compound thermodynamic system.
  • Predict the macroscopic properties of simple physical models (e.g. perfect gas, real gas, harmonic solid).
  • Apply methods for solving ordinary differential equations to thermodynamic problems (e.g., pressure in a compressible fluid).
  • Perform an energy and entropy balance for an open system
  • Integrate a diffusion equation in simple cases.
  • Establish the link between the macroscopic and microscopic description of a system
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Teaching hours

  • Thermodynamics 2 - CMLecture18h
  • Thermodynamics 2 - TDTutorial18h

Necessary pre-requisites

  • UE thermodynamics 1:
    •  
  • Notions of Newtonian dynamics
    • Conservative forces
    • Kinetic and potential energy
    • Harmonic oscillators
  • Maths

    • Derivatives, integrals, limited developmentsĀ 
    • Differential forms
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Knowledge control

Terminal Control

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Syllabus

  • Thermodynamics at equilibrium
    • Reminders: Thermodynamic systems. Variables and functions of state: equations of state, intensiveness, extensiveness, additivity. Notion of equilibrium and local equilibrium. Thermodynamic transformations: quasi-static vs. reversible. Work and heat and their elementary expressions. Internal energy.
    • Axiomatic presentation: First principle: statement and consequences, link with calorimetry. Law of Dulong and Petit. Second principle: statement and consequences. Fundamental equation and equations of state. Thermal equilibrium. Third principle.
    • Thermodynamic potentials: Helmoltz potential (free energy) and Gibbs potential (free enthalpy) and applications. Enthalpy. Notions on Legendre transformations. Reminder on phase diagrams. Clausius-Clapeyron equation and applications.
    • Thermodynamics of open systems: Expression of the first and second principles for open systems. Chemical potential. Application to chemical transformations
    • Phase transitions: concavity and convexity of thermodynamic potentials. Response functions. Applications. Phase transitions: first order and continuous transitions.
    • Transport phenomena: thermodynamic forces. Energy balance and local entropy. Diffusion equation. Coupling of irreversible phenomena: application to themoelectric effects.
  • Microscopic aspects
    • Internal energy: conservation and equipartition of energy
    • Pressure and temperature: elements of kinetic theory of gases
    • Entropy: microscopic interpretation, microstates and macrostates
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