Digital Electronics

Digital electronics as seen from its two most common perspectives:

  - Combinational logic and logic gates: Combinational and sequential aspects (flip-flops, counters, frequency dividers, registers).

 - Microcontroller programming. Implementation of common functions in the C language (learned in the first semester): bus communication, interfacing with sensors and actuators, and time-sharing management

• Understand standard combinatorial functions
• Understanding the difference between a combinational system and a sequential system
• Understand the basics of sequential logic
• Be able to analyze and summarize standard sequential functions
• Knowledge of the architecture and features offered by microcontrollers
• Implementation of these features
• Criteria for selecting a microcontroller for a given application.

• Combinatorial Systems
• Simplification of Logical Functions
• General Syntax of the C Language (typically covered in the first-semester course)

Written exam: 70% of the final grade

Practical Work: 30% of the final grade

Schedule: 9:00 a.m. Lecture — 1:30 p.m. Seminar — 6:00 p.m. Lab

Standard Combinatorial Functions

• information switching, comparator circuit, parity and non-parity checking
• multiplexers and demultiplexers
• encoders, decoders, and transcoders
• arithmetic circuits

Sequential systems:

• the concept of state, synchronous and asynchronous systems
• Flip-flops: Basic Components of Sequential Logic: RS, JK, T, D
• Standard sequential functions (analysis and synthesis): counters, down counters, and frequency dividers; registers

Microcontrollers: 7:30 a.m. Lecture — 3:00 p.m. Lab

• Traditional Processor vs. Microcontroller. Libraries; Presence or Absence of an Operating System.
• Architecture and Mapping: RAM, EPROM, computing power, and registers associated with the microcontroller's functions.
• Analog and Digital Interfaces (GPIO, ADC, PWM). Configuring and Using Ports.
• Communication via RS-232 bus (or RS-232 emulated over USB): interaction with a computer (local data upload).
• Industrial Buses (I2C and SPI): Basic Operation
• Hardware and Software Interrupts. Case Studies:
  - Polling vs. Interrupts (application to buses)
  - Managing "Basic Tasks" in a Time-Shared Environment: Cooperative vs. Preemptive Multitasking