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After reviewing classical mechanics, we will discuss the fundamental quantities of thermodynamics: elementary work, macroscopic work...
The distinction between heat and temperature will be explained in detail.
The concept of pressure will be explained from a macroscopic perspective, while also providing its microscopic interpretation.
Next, using a historical approach, we will show how the first and second laws of thermodynamics came to be formulated.

From there, we will look at various applications: cycles, ideal and real gases, etc.

With the introduction of phase changes, examples (critical point) will be discussed.
We will conclude with thermal phenomena: primarily diffusion. Depending on the time remaining, concepts related to radiation will be discussed.

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Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of natural or synthetic organic compounds, which, by definition, contain carbon. This course unit serves as an introduction to organic chemistry and lays the foundation for the basic concepts needed by students pursuing studies in the sciences, particularly in chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and health sciences.

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This module provides an introduction to using Python for students pursuing a degree in the sciences. It covers concepts in algorithms and the Python language, but the focus is primarily on practical applications in the sciences. The examples will therefore address issues related to other first-year courses.

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The Planetary Science course focuses on the Solar System and its planets. Its place in the universe is also discussed, providing an introduction to the concept of exoplanets (detection and habitability). The course consists of three parts: astrophysics, geophysics, and geochemistry. The astrophysics section begins by placing the Solar System in the context of the Universe and then addresses its formation, dynamics, and evolution. The geophysics section deals with planetary interiors and their evolution based on data from space missions. The geochemistry section focuses on nucleosynthesis, the abundance of chemical elements, and the composition of the early and present-day Earth as well as other planets, based on the study of meteorites. The course combines theoretical and practical approaches.

Hourly volumes:

• CM: 6:00 p.m.
• TD: 9 a.m.
• Practical Training: 9:00 a.m.

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This elective course enables students to prepare for the animal physiology courses in the next two semesters by approaching the subject exclusively through an analysis of the historical experiments that laid the foundations for this field. During class, students analyze historical experiments on digestion, respiration, cardiac activity, reproduction, and development. In the tutorials, the experiments analyzed cover nutrition, metabolism, respiratory gas exchange, blood vessels, blood pressure, the kidneys, growth, nervous and hormonal communication, and immunity.

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The course “Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Cell 1” is a continuation of the first-semester course “From Molecules to Cells,” which laid the structural foundations of living organisms. In this course, students will learn the fundamentals of biochemistry, replication, transcription, translation, intracellular movements, and bioenergetics.

This course unit will be supplemented by course unit HAV204V for L1 SVSE students.

It will be followed by the L1 TEE and L1 Chemistry programs.

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 The brain is at the center of human behavior. It serves as the body’s control center. It continuously receives a stream of information from both the external environment and the body. This information must be processed and analyzed quickly in order to generate an appropriate response. All of these mechanisms, which at first glance appear complex, are based on simple biological processes.

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This course is intended for first-year PCSI students. It provides an introduction to linear algebra and the solution of linear differential systems (matrix calculus, solving linear systems, eigenvalues and diagonalization, and solving linear differential systems).

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