Physics for Medicine - PhyMed

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This teaching unit covers the various basic elements needed to understand natural and artificial radioactivity phenomena. It aims to establish all the concepts related to decay phenomena, natural radioactive families and their associated environmental consequences, dating methods, methods of producing radionuclides and their use in various fields, as well as anthropogenic contributions. Various examples from industry, nuclear energy, radiochemistry, geochemistry, and nuclear medicine will be used to illustrate the basic concepts covered.

Hourly volumes:

CM: 12 p.m.

Tutorial: 8 hours

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The aim of this module is to enable students to compare experimental reality with their theoretical knowledge. Particular attention is paid to writing up results and presenting them in the form of oral presentations. The work is organized into eight-hour sessions for which a topic is chosen by the students. They record their results and analyses in a laboratory notebook based on the protocols used in laboratories. At the end of the semester, students choose a topic, which they develop in the form of a final report that they defend orally. This course prepares students for the internships they will undertake during their studies.

Examples of experiments available: optical spectroscopy (IR, visible), gamma, X-ray, acoustic; low-temperature photoluminescence; near-field spectroscopy (AFM, STM); electron microscopy...

The range of experiments on offer covers the areas of physics taught in the various physics courses. Students must choose from among the different experiments those that seem most relevant to their interests. A significant effort has been made to integrate new data acquisition technologies and the use of computer tools in order to compare experiment and theory.

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This compulsory course allows students to consolidate the fundamentals of biochemistry acquired in the first year by approaching this discipline through a cross-disciplinary study of enzymes involved in cellular metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Several areas of biochemistry will be covered: the fundamentals of Michaelian enzymology and a description of the metabolic reactions involved in glycolysis. Finally, the technical aspect will be addressed through the presentation and analysis of techniques for measuring enzyme activity and purifying, quantifying, and detecting proteins.

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Practical work in various fields of physics.

The topics covered include the study of mechanical and electrical oscillating systems (simple pendulum, torsion pendulum, coupled pendulums, RLC circuit, induction-coupled circuits), acoustic waves, some concepts of wave optics (diffraction and interference), the practical application of electronic circuits for the study of electrical components or systems (diodes, LEDs and photodiodes, transmission lines), and the study of some properties of matter (magnetism, the photoelectric effect, the Faraday effect).

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In the first part of this teaching unit, a general approach to radiation-matter interactions will be developed by addressing the different interactions and associated detection methods. A second part will develop all the concepts of radiation protection through the effects of radiation on living matter as well as the appropriate means of protection for humans and the environment.

Hourly volumes:

            CM: 12 p.m.

            Tutorial: 8 hours

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This course provides an introduction to scientific image processing, with no prerequisites, in the context of physics and medical sciences.

Starting with the basics of digital image coding, we will introduce the main techniques aimed first at improving image data quality, then at extracting quantitative data. Deconvolution, denoising, thresholding, segmentation, Fourier transforms, and wavelets will be covered.

We will conclude with the specific problems posed by image sequences (films) or 3D images such as MRI data in a medical context.

The tool used will be the Matlab/Octave programming environment.

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