Physics for the medical field - PhyMed

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This compulsory course allows students to consolidate the basics of biochemistry acquired in L1 by approaching this discipline through a transversal study of enzymes involved in cellular metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Several areas of biochemistry will be covered: the basics of Michaelian enzymology, the description of metabolic reactions involved in glycolysis. Finally, the technical aspect will be approached by the presentation and the analysis of the techniques allowing to measure an enzymatic activity, to purify, to quantify and to detect proteins.

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Practical work in various fields of physics.

The topics covered include the study of mechanical and electrical oscillating systems (simple pendulum, torsion pendulum, coupled pendulums, RLC circuit, inductively coupled circuits), acoustic waves, some notions of wave optics (diffraction and interference), the practical application of electronic circuits for the study of components or electrical systems (diodes, LEDs and photodiodes, transmission line) and the study of some properties of matter (magnetism, photoelectric effect, Faraday effect).

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This teaching unit covers the various basic elements that allow us to understand natural or artificial radioactivity phenomena. The aim is to introduce all the concepts related to the phenomena of parentage, natural radioactive families and their associated environmental consequences, dating methods, methods of production of radionuclides and their use in various fields as well as anthropic contributions. Various examples from industry, nuclear energy, radiochemistry, geochemistry and nuclear medicine will support the basic concepts discussed.

Hourly volumes* :

CM : 12h

TD : 8h

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This module aims to allow students to confront the experimental reality with their theoretical knowledge. Particular attention is paid to the writing of results and their presentation in the form of oral communication. The work is organized in eight-hour sessions for which a theme is chosen by the students. They record their results and analyses in an experimental notebook based on the model of the protocols used in laboratories. At the end of the semester, the student chooses a theme, which he develops in the form of a final report that he presents orally. This teaching is a preparation for the internships carried out by the students during their studies.

Examples of experiments available: optical spectroscopy (IR, Visible), gamma, X-ray, acoustic; low temperature photoluminescence; near field spectroscopy (AFM, STM); electron microscopy...

The panel of experiments proposed covers the fields of physics taught in the different Physics courses. The student has to choose among the different experiments those which seem to him the closest to his interests. An important effort is made to integrate the new technologies of data acquisition and the use of computer tools in order to compare experiment and theory.

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In the first part of this teaching unit, a general approach to radiation-matter interactions will be developed by addressing the different interactions and the associated detection methods. A second part will develop all the notions of radioprotection through the effects of radiation on living matter as well as the means of protection adapted for man and the environment.

Hourly volumes* :

            CM : 12h

            TD : 8h

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This course is an introduction without pre-requisites to scientific image processing, in the context of physics but also of medical sciences.

Starting from the basic elements of digital image coding, we will introduce the main techniques aiming first at improving the quality of image data, and then at extracting quantitative data. Deconvolutions, denoising, thresholding, segmentations, Fourier transforms, wavelets will be presented.

We will conclude with the specific problems posed by image sequences (movies) or 3D images such as MRI data in a medical context.

The tool used will be the Matlab/Octave programming environment.

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