Physics for the medical sector - PhyMed

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This compulsory course enables students to consolidate the foundations of biochemistry acquired in L1 by approaching this discipline through a cross-disciplinary study of enzymes involved in cellular metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Several areas of biochemistry will be covered: the basics of Michael enzymology, description of the metabolic reactions involved in glycolysis. Finally, the technical aspect will be addressed through the presentation and analysis of techniques for measuring enzymatic activity, purifying, quantifying and detecting proteins.

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Practical work in various areas of physics.

Topics covered include the study of mechanical and electrical oscillating systems (simple and torsion pendulums, coupled pendulums, RLC circuits, inductively coupled circuits), acoustic waves, a few notions of wave optics (diffraction and interference), the use of electronic circuits to study components or electrical systems (diodes, LEDs and photodiodes, transmission lines) and the study of a few properties of matter (magnetism, photoelectric effect, Faraday effect).

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This teaching unit covers the basic elements needed to understand natural and artificial radioactivity phenomena. The aim is to introduce all the concepts linked to parentage phenomena, natural radioactive families and their associated environmental consequences, dating methods, radionuclide production methods and their use in various fields, as well as anthropogenic contributions. Examples from industry, nuclear energy, radiochemistry, geochemistry and nuclear medicine will support the basic concepts covered.

Hourly volumes* :

CM: 12h

TD : 8h

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The aim of this module is to enable students to compare experimental reality with their theoretical knowledge. Particular attention is paid to writing up results and presenting them orally. Work is organized in eight-hour sessions, for which students choose a theme. They record their results and analyses in an experimental notebook modelled on the protocols used in laboratories. At the end of the semester, students choose a theme, which they develop in the form of a final report that they present orally. This course prepares students for the internships they will undertake during their studies.

Examples of experiments available: optical spectroscopy (IR, Visible), gamma spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, acoustic spectroscopy; low-temperature photoluminescence; near-field spectroscopy (AFM, STM); electron microscopy...

The range of experiments on offer covers the areas of physics taught in the different Physics courses. Students are encouraged to choose the experiments that best match their interests. A major effort is made to integrate new data acquisition technologies and the use of computer tools to compare experiment and theory.

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In the first part of this teaching unit, a general approach to radiation-matter interactions will be developed, covering the different interactions and associated detection methods. The second part of the course will develop the concepts of radiation protection through the effects of radiation on living matter, as well as the appropriate means of protection for humans and the environment.

Hourly volumes* :

            CM: 12h

            TD : 8h

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This course provides a no-obligation introduction to scientific image processing, in the context of both physics and the medical sciences.

Starting with the basics of digital image coding, we will introduce the main techniques for improving the quality of image data, and then extracting quantitative data. Deconvolutions, denoising, then thresholding, segmentations, Fourier transforms and wavelets will be on the program.

We will conclude with the specific problems posed by image sequences (films) or 3D images such as MRI data in a medical context.

The tool used will be the Matlab/Octave programming environment.

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