Operation of the tree

Morphogenesis and fundamental processes in tree development

               Primary growth (organogenesis and elongation; stem & root)

               Secondary growth (cambium and phellogen function)

               Branching and branching patterns

               Reproduction (from flower to fruit) and reproductive phenology

Tree architecture

               Architectural models

               The concept of architectural unity

               Reiteration

               Senescence and decay

               Morphogenetic gradients

               Root architecture

               Diversity, variability and plasticity of tree function and adaptation

Structure-time relationships: dendrochronological approaches      

               Phenology and chronobiology

               Primary growth, branching, flowering and morpho-anatomical markers

               Cambial function and growth rings

               Posterior reconstruction of the tree's development

Ecophysiology and functional architecture of trees             

               Mechanical support

               Root absorption (incl. role of mycorrhizae)

               Conduction

               Photosynthesis

               The reserves

               The reproduction

               Trade-off and trade-off between functions

Adaptations and structure-function relationships

               Adaptation to herbivory (spinescence, underground stems, latex, chemical compounds, ...)

               Resistance to pathogens (bark, latex, ...)

               Fire resistance (bark, ability to reject, pyrophytes ...)

               Drought tolerance/resistance

The wood marker of history

               Anthracology

               Dendrochronology / dendroclimatology

               Marker of vegetation, uses, climate

               TP analysis of cores after drying...

The UE HAW703 aims to transmit to the students knowledge on the development and the functioning of the tree by an integrative approach. The biological cycle of the tree is thus approached through the implementation in space and time of its architecture, its anatomy, and the great functions realized. Diversity is addressed through examples of Mediterranean, temperate and tropical species and their adaptations to their environment.

Understand and describe the architecture of the tree by analyzing its primary and secondary growth.

Identify genetic and environmental parameters that influence primary growth, cambial function and duraminization.

Differentiate between the main species in the field and in beds

Perceive the adaptations of trees to climate change.