Tools and methods for the reconstruction of the paleo-environment

Based on concepts and methods of Ecology, this course aims at discovering and practicing historical ecology (study of the interactions between Man and his environment over variable chronological periods) and its main applications in paleoecology and environmental sciences: climatic changes, biodiversity fluctuations, vegetation transformation, forest dynamics, disturbance ecology, bioarchaeology. The work done in pairs or in triads under the responsibility of a referee, covers the entire research chain, from the definition of the problem, sampling in the field, data acquisition to interpretation, writing a scientific article (see https://biologie-ecologie.com/exemples-travaux/) and oral presentation of the results. ORPAM takes place during the first weeks of teaching. This UE starts with a 3-day field school (24h - integration internship) and continues with a mini internship in a laboratory (24h). The UE ends with the writing of a scientific article and an oral presentation of the results.

- Develop solid skills in field ecology, - Acquire a transdisciplinary vision in environmental sciences

- Be able to produce a bibliographic synthesis to justify the questions and hypotheses, as well as the proposed methodology

- Be able to apply and implement a methodological and analytical protocol,

- Know how to carry out a project within a group, - Know how to write an article following precise editorial standards,

- Be able to develop a logical argument with a critical mind,

- Be able to present your results orally in an intelligible and accessible manner to a large audience.

- Basic knowledge of ecology and environmental sciences,

- basic notions of data analysis,

- classical analytical skills.

Continuous assessment : 100%.