Biology of Symbiotic and Parasitic Interactions

The overall objective of this course unit is to explore the concepts necessary for studying symbiotic interactions, whether parasitic or mutualistic. To this end, we will examine the specific characteristics and ubiquity of the parasitic lifestyle in the tree of life. The defense mechanisms of host organisms, the concepts of facilitation and manipulation, the consequences of host-symbiote interactions on life history traits, and the influence of these interactions on the diversification of organisms will be discussed.

The practical work will provide an opportunity to explore these concepts in greater depth using certain major models of interactions involving symbionts (viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes) and various hosts (unicellular and multicellular).

- Understand the biology of parasitic and symbiotic interactions (diversity, morphology, anatomy, and physiology related to the interaction)

- Understand the life cycles of fundamental symbiotic and parasitic organisms, including the concepts of facilitation and manipulation.

- Addressing the molecular aspects of host-symbiote interactions (defense and avoidance strategies and mechanisms, including immunobiological interactions, extended phenotype—behavior, resistance, tolerance, circumvention of host defenses, promotion, manipulation)

- Interactions and evolution (symbiotes as drivers of evolution, evolution of symbiotic interactions, co-evolution, co-adaptations, co-speciation, Red Queen).

Continuous assessment: 100%